Non-chromium containing black multi-layer coatings
View Patent ↗The disclosed invention relates to black multi-layer coatings for metallic substrates ( 1 ) or substrates having a metallic coating ( 2 ) and to articles covered, or partially covered with such coatings. The black coating consists of a black first layer ( 3 ) substantially comprised of nickel and a second polymeric silicate inorganic layer ( 4 ). The present invention may additionally have a third layer comprised substantially of organic constituents ( 5 ). This invention offers properties currently unavailable or insufficient in existing technologies. The present invention provides enhanced corrosion resistant, adherent black coatings which are thin enough to allow application to fasteners while providing a uniform black color, the combination of which have only been available previously with the use of hexavalent or trivalent chromium conversion coatings.
1. A coating for application upon a metallic substrate; the coating being a multi-layer coating system comprising: (a) a first layer which is deposited on the substrate and which comprises nickel, sulfur and at least one member selected from the group consisting of nickel oxide, nickel hydroxide, sulfur oxide and sulfur hydroxide and (b) a second layer which directly or indirectly overlays the first layer and comprises an inorganic silicate polymer comprised of silicon and oxygen.
2. The coating of claim 1 , where the amount of nickel present ranges from about 1 to about 60% by weight of the first layer.
3. The coating of claim 1 , where the amount of sulfur present ranges from about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of the first layer.
4. The coating of claim 1 , where the inorganic silicate polymer comprises from about 30 to about 50% by weight silicon.
5. The coating of claim 1 , where the inorganic silicate polymer comprises from about 50 to about 70% by weight oxygen.
6. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the first layer further comprises phosphorous in the form of phosphate; the phosphorous comprising up to about 2% by weight of the first layer.
7. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the first layer further comprises at least one modifying element present in elemental form or as a substantially insoluble oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, or sulfate.
8. The coating of claim 7 , in which the modifying element comprises zinc.
9. The coating of claim 1 , further including organic additives in the first layer; the organic additives including wetting agents, surfactants, waxes and/or dispersed polymers.
10. The coating of claim 9 , wherein up to and including 75 weight % of the first layer is due to carbon in the organic additives.
11. The coating of claim 1 , further comprising a third outermost layer of at least one member selected from the group consisting of organic polymers, monomers, oligomers, or a combination thereof.
12. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the first layer is black in color.
13. An article having a metallic surface with a multi-layer coating on the surface; the coating comprising:
a. a first layer comprising nickel, sulfur and at least one member selected from the group consisting of nickel oxide, nickel hydroxide, sulfur oxide and sulfur hydroxide and
b. a second layer which directly or indirectly overlays the first layer and comprises an inorganic silicate polymer comprised of silicon and oxygen.
14. The article of claim 13 , where the amount of nickel present ranges from about 1 to about 60% by weight of the first layer.
15. The article of claim 13 , where the amount of sulfur present ranges from about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of the first layer.
16. The article of claim 13 , where the inorganic silicate polymer comprises from about 30 to about 50% by weight silicon.
17. The article of claim 13 , where the inorganic silicate polymer comprises from about 50 to about 70% by weight oxygen.
18. The article of claim 13 , wherein the first layer further comprises phosphorous in the form of phosphate; the phosphorous comprising up to about 2% by weight of the first layer.
19. The article of claim 13 , wherein the first layer further comprises at least one modifying element present in elemental form or as a substantially insoluble oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, or sulfate.
20. The article of claim 19 , in which the modifying element comprises zinc.
21. The article of claim 13 , further including organic additives in the first layer including wetting agents, surfactants, waxes and/or dispersed polymers.
22. The article of claim 21 , wherein up to and including 75 weight % of the first layer is due to carbon in the organic additives.
23. The article of claim 13 , further comprising a third outermost layer of at least one member selected from the group consisting of organic polymers, monomers, oligomers, or a combination thereof.
24. The article of claim 13 , wherein the first layer of the coating is black in color.
25. The article of claim 13 , wherein the surface is a zinc or zinc alloy surface.