ELECTROLYTIC SOLUTION AND BATTERY
A battery capable of securing the cycle characteristics and the storage characteristics is provided. The battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution is impregnated in a separator provided between the cathode and the anode. The electrolytic solution contains a solvent, an electrolyte salt, and a sulfone compound having a given structure (sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride not having an aromatic ring). Compared to a case that an electrolytic solution does not contain the foregoing sulfone compound, the decomposition reaction of the electrolytic solution is prevented.
1 . An electrolytic solution comprising:
a solvent;
an electrolyte salt; and
a sulfone compound shown in Chemical formula 1.
X represents an alkylene group with the carbon number in the range from 2 to 4, an alkenylene group with the carbon number in the range from 2 to 4, a derivative of alkylene group or a derivative of alkenylene group.
2 . The electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the sulfone compound is in a range from 0.01 wt % to 5 wt %.
3 . The electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein the solvent contains at least one selected from the group consisting of chain ester carbonate having a halogen as an element shown in Chemical formula 2 and cyclic ester carbonate having a halogen as an element shown in Chemical formula 3:
R1 to R6 represent a hydrogen group, a halogen group, an alkyl group, or an alkyl halide group. R1 to R6 may be identical or different. However, at least one of R1 to R6 is the halogen group or the alkyl halide group.
R7 to R10 represent a hydrogen group, a halogen group, an alkyl group, or an alkyl halide group. R7 to R10 are identical or different, where, at least one of R7 to R10 is the halogen group or the alkyl halide group.
4 . The electrolytic solution according to claim 3 , wherein the cyclic ester carbonate having a halogen as an element includes at least one of 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolane-2-one and 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolane-2-one.
5 . The electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein the solvent contains a cyclic ester carbonate having an unsaturated bond.
6 . The electrolytic solution according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte salt contains at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, and compounds shown in Chemical formulas 4 to 6.
LiN(C m nF 2m+1 SO 2 )(C n F 2n+1 SO 2 ) Chemical formula 4
m and n represent an integer number of 1 or more. m and n may be identical or different.
R11 represents a straight chain or branched perfluoro alkylene group with the carbon number in the range from 2 to 4.
LiC(C p F 2p+1 SO 2 )(C q F 2q+1 SO 2 )(C r F 2r+1 SO 2 ) Chemical formula 6
p, q, and r represent an integer number of 1 or more. p, q, and r may be identical or different.
7 . A battery comprising:
a cathode;
an anode; and
an electrolytic solution,
wherein the electrolytic solution contains a solvent, an electrolyte salt, and a sulfone compound shown in Chemical formula 7:
X represents an alkylene group with the carbon number in the range from 2 to 4, an alkenylene group with the carbon number in the range from 2 to 4, a derivative of alkylene group or a derivative of alkenylene group.
8 . The battery according to claim 7 , wherein a content of the sulfone compound in the electrolytic solution is in a range from 0.01 wt % to 5 wt %.
9 . The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the solvent contains at least one selected from the group consisting of chain ester carbonate having a halogen as an element shown in Chemical formula 8 and cyclic ester carbonate having a halogen as an element shown in Chemical formula 9:
R1 to R6 represent a hydrogen group, a halogen group, an alkyl group, or an alkyl halide group. R1 to R6 are be identical or different, where at least one of R1 to R6 is the halogen group or the alkyl halide group.
R7 to R10 represent a hydrogen group, a halogen group, an alkyl group, or an alkyl halide group. R7 to R10 are identical or different, where at least one of R7 to R10 is the halogen group or the alkyl halide group.
10 . The battery according to claim 9 , wherein the cyclic ester carbonate having a halogen as an element includes at least one of 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolane-2-one and 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolane-2-one.
11 . The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the solvent contains a cyclic ester carbonate having an unsaturated bond.
12 . The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the electrolyte salt contains at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, and compounds shown in Chemical formulas 10 to 12:
LiN(C m F 2+1 SO 2 )(C n F 2+1 SO 2 ) Chemical formula 10
m and n represent an integer number of 1 or more; m and n are identical or different.
R11 represents a straight chain or branched perfluoro alkylene group with the carbon number in the range from 2 to 4.
LiC(C p F 2p+1 SO 2 )(C q F 2q+1 SO 2 )(C r F 2r+1 SO 2 ) Chemical formula 12
p, q, and r represent an integer number of 1 or more; p, q, and r are identical or different.
13 . The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the anode contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a carbon material, lithium metal, and a material containing at least one of a metal element and a metalloid element as an element.
14 . The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the anode contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a simple substance of silicon, an alloy of silicon, a compound of silicon, a simple substance of tin, an alloy of tin, and a compound of tin.
15 . The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the anode comprises:
an anode current collector; and an anode active material layer provided on the anode current collector, wherein the anode active material layer is formed by at least one method selected from the group consisting of vapor-phase deposition method, liquid phase deposition method, and firing method.