Ablative immunotherapy
The invention disclosed herein relates generally to immunotherapy and, more specifically, to the use of immunotherapy for treating tumors and pathogen infected tissues by first priming patients with allogeneic cells designed to be rejected by a Th1 mediated mechanism, then inducing necrosis or apoptosis in a tumor or pathogen infected lesion by methods such as cryotherapy, irreversible electroporation, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, ultrasound therapy, ethanol chemoablation, microwave thermal ablation, radiofrequency energy or a combination thereof applied against at least a portion of the tumor or pathogen infected tissue, and then delivering one or more doses of allogeneic cells (e.g., Th1 cells) within or proximate to the tumor or pathogen-infected tissue in the primed patient. The present invention provides an immunotherapeutic strategy to develop de-novo systemic (adaptive) immunity to a tumor or pathogen.
1. A method for inducing an adaptive immune response against a tumor or a pathogen in a patient, the method comprising:
ablating the tumor or the tissue infected by the pathogen resulting in necrotic injury or death to at least a portion of the tumor or tissue infected with the pathogen; and
injecting an aliquot of allogeneic T-cells such that the allogeneic T-cells are directed to the ablated tissue thereby creating an immune response that serves as an adjuvant to the uptake of antigens from the ablated tissue whereby subsequent maturation of the patient's antigen presenting cells systemically stimulate anti-tumor or anti-pathogen immunity.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the ablation causes tissue necrosis.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the ablation is by cryotherapy.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the ablation is by irreversible electroporation.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the ablation releases heat shock proteins.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the allogeneic T-cells injected after ablation are administered intralesionally.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the allogeneic T-cells are producing Th1 cytokines.
8. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
administering to the patient, prior to ablation, the aliquot of allogeneic T-cells to be rejected by the patient's immune system in a manner that induces an allogeneic Th1 immunity; and
permitting the patient's immune system to form anti-allogeneic Th1 immune memory prior to ablation.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the allogeneic T-cells are activated.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein the allogeneic T-cells administered prior to ablation are administered intravenously.
11. The method of claim 8 wherein the allogeneic T-cells administered prior to ablation are administered intradermally.
12. The method of claim 8 wherein the aliquot of allogeneic T-cells comprises between about 1×10 8 and about 1×10 10 cells.
13. The method of claim 8 wherein the patient's immune system is permitted between about 7 days to about 14 days to form an anti-allogeneic Th1 immune memory.