Method of manufacturing a multiple layer directionally oriented nonwoven fiber material
View Patent ↗Disclosed herein are embodiments of a multi-layer nonwoven fiber material, and related methods of manufacturing the material. In one exemplary embodiment, the fiber material includes a first layer of directionally aligned fibers together with a second layer of randomly dispersed fibers dispersed over the first layer. Consistent with one exemplary method for manufacturing a nonwoven fiber material, the method includes dispersing a first plurality of fibers horizontally in one or more predetermined directions, as well as dispersing a second plurality of fibers horizontally in random directions. In such an embodiment, the second plurality of fibers is dispersed over the first plurality of fibers. Moreover, an exemplary embodiment of a roofing shingle employing a nonwoven fiber material as described herein is as disclosed.
1. A method for manufacturing a nonwoven fiber material, the method comprising:
dewatering a first plurality of chopped nonwoven fibers from a slurry to form a first surface such that the fibers lay directionally aligned in at least three directions in a plurality of corresponding linear formations on the same linear plane, whereby fibers within linear formations in one direction are randomly interlaced with fibers within linear formations in other directions at intersections of the linear formations; and
dewatering a second plurality of chopped nonwoven fibers from the slurry such that they lay randomly dispersed throughout a second surface that is opposed to and coextensive with the first surface of fibers.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the dewatering the first plurality of fibers further comprises dispersing the first plurality of fibers onto a three-dimensional forming wire comprising a screen and vertical protuberances projecting from the screen, a length of the protuberances determining a thickness of the linear formations.
3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the overall length of each of the protuberances ranges from about 0.005 inches to about 0.375 inches.
4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second pluralities of fiber; are selected from the group consisting of: glass fibers, synthetic polymer fibers, ceramic and inorganic fibers, natural fibers, cellulosic fibers, and mixtures of any or all thereof.
5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein each fiber of the first and second pluralities of fibers comprises a diameter ranging from about 0.00001 inches to about 0.0300 inches.
6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein each fiber of the first and second pluralities of fibers comprises a length ranging from about 0.10 inches to about 1.5 inches.
7. A method according to claim 6 , wherein dewatering the first and second pluralities of fibers comprises forming the fiber material to have a tear-strength under the Elmendorf Tear Test of about 393g mean tears when the fiber material has a weight of 1.6 lb/sq. and when 15% of the weight of the fiber material is binder material.
8. A method according to claim 7 , wherein an overall thickness of the fiber material is about 0.035 inches, and the directionally aligned fibers comprise a thickness in the fiber material of about 0.002 to 0.010 inches.
9. A method according to claim 1 , wherein dewatering the first plurality of fibers further comprises dewatering the first plurality of fibers such that the plurality of linear formations have substantially the same thickness as the thickness of the linear plane.
10. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising providing a binding material in the slurry adapted to bind the first and second pluralities of fibers in their respective directions.
11. A method according to claim 10 , wherein providing a binding material further comprises providing a binding material sufficient to form the fiber material to have about 5-30% binder material by weight.
12. A method according to claim 10 , wherein providing a binding material further comprises providing a binding material comprising a compound selected from the group consisting of acrylic latex, urea-formaldehyde, SBR latex, acrylic emulsions, and mixtures thereof
13. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the dewatering comprises using vacuum suction.
14. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second plurality of fibers are collectively, horizontally dispersed to a substantially uniform thickness.