High-Power Ultracapacitor Energy Storage Cell Pack and Coupling Method
An ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack including an ultracapacitor assembly including a plurality of ultracapacitors, each ultracapacitor including opposite ends with connection terminals protruding therefrom for directly connecting the ultracapacitors end-to-end in series; and a plurality of interconnections for mechanically and electrically interconnecting the ultracapacitors end-to-end in series without the connection terminals from adjacent ultracapacitors contacting each other, preventing mechanical stress in the connection studs.
1 . A method for supporting and electrically coupling a first ultracapacitor and a second ultracapacitor, each including opposite ends with connection terminals protruding therefrom, the method comprising:
providing an interconnection that is electrically conductive, and of sufficient structural strength to support the first ultracapacitor and the second ultracapacitor, wherein the interconnection is configured to substantially prevent mechanical stress from forming in the coupled connection terminals of the first and the second ultracapacitor while maintaining the first ultracapacitor and the second ultracapacitor physically apart from each other;
coupling the first ultracapacitor to the interconnection; and
coupling the second ultracapacitor to the interconnection.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the interconnection is further configured to support a first balancing resistor and a second balancing resistor while forming an electrical node between the first balancing resistor and the second balancing resistor, the method further comprising:
coupling the first balancing resistor to the interconnection; and
coupling the second balancing resistor to the interconnection.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the coupling the second ultracapacitor to the interconnection comprises: electrically coupling the first and the second ultracapacitor in series, and physically aligning the first and the second ultracapacitor on substantially the same axis.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the interconnection comprises a bus bar type end plate; and
wherein the coupling the second ultracapacitor to the interconnection comprises:
electrically coupling the first and the second ultracapacitor in series, and physically aligning the first and the second ultracapacitor substantially alongside and parallel to each other.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the interconnection is further configured to thermally couple with a heat sink such as moving air, the method further comprising:
coupling the interconnection with the heat sink; and
transferring heat from at least one of the first and the second ultracapacitor to the heat sink.
6 . An ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack including a plurality of ultracapacitors, the ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack comprising:
a first ultracapacitor including opposite ends with connection terminals protruding therefrom;
a second ultracapacitor including opposite ends with connection terminals protruding therefrom, and configured to directly connect with the first ultracapacitor in series; and
a first interconnection configured to: electrically couple connection terminals of the first and the second ultracapacitor in series, mechanically support the first and the second ultracapacitor, and substantially prevent mechanical stress from forming in the coupled connection terminals of the first and the second ultracapacitor.
7 . The ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of ultracapacitors includes a plurality of balanced ultracapacitors, the ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack further comprising a plurality of balancing resistors; and
wherein each of the plurality of balancing resistors is electrically coupled in parallel with at least one of the plurality of balanced ultracapacitors to form a resistor divider network that automatically discharges and equalizes the at least one of the plurality of balanced ultracapacitors over time, thereby automatically balancing the plurality of balanced ultracapacitors of the ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack.
8 . The ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack of claim 6 , wherein the first interconnection is further configured to electrically couple the first and the second ultracapacitor in series, and to physically align the first and the second ultracapacitor end-to-end on substantially the same axis.
9 . The ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack of claim 8 , wherein the first interconnection comprises a U-shaped bracket.
10 . The ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack of claim 9 , wherein the first interconnection is made from a material similar to the coupled connection terminals of the first and the second ultracapacitor, and includes a rectangular span having an attachment interface for a balancing resistor node and with opposing flanges extending approximately perpendicularly from the rectangular span, the opposing flanges including holes therein for receiving connection terminals of the first and the second ultracapacitor.
11 . The ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack of claim 6 , wherein the first interconnection is further configured to electrically couple the first and the second ultracapacitor in series, and to physically align the first and the second ultracapacitor substantially alongside and parallel to each other.
12 . The ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack of claim 11 , wherein the first interconnection comprises a bus bar type end plate.
13 . The ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack of claim 12 , wherein the first interconnection is made from a material similar to the coupled connection terminals of the first and the second ultracapacitor, and includes a set of holes therein for receiving connection terminals of the first and the second ultracapacitor, and an attachment interface for a balancing resistor node.
14 . The ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack of claim 6 , wherein the first interconnection is further configured to thermally couple with a heat sink.
15 . The ultracapacitor energy storage cell pack of claim 14 , wherein the heat sink comprises air moving across the first interconnection.