Compositions comprising polyimide and hydrophobic epoxy and phenolic resins, and methods relating thereto
Water absorption resistant compositions of the present disclosure, e.g., pastes (or solutions), are well suited for electronic screen-printable materials and electronic components. The composition of the present disclosure may optionally contain thermal crosslinking agents, adhesion promoters, and other inorganic fillers. The composition of the present disclosure can have a glass transition temperature greater than 250° C. and a water absorption factor of less than 2%, and a positive solubility measurement.
1 . A composition comprising:
A. a polyimide having a repeat unit represented by the following formula:
where X is a member of a group consisting of SO 2 , C(CF 3 ) 2 , C(CF 3 )phenyl, C(CF 3 )CF 2 CF 3 , C(CF 2 CF 3 )phenyl, and combinations thereof, and
wherein Y is derived from a diamine component, the diamine component comprising from 2 to 50 mole percent of a diamine selected from a group consisting of 2,2′-bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane (6F-AP), 3,3′-dihydroxy-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl (HAB), 2,4-diaminophenol, 2,3-diaminophenol, 3,3′-diamino-4,4′-dihydroxy-biphenyl, 2,2′-bis(3-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane, and combinations thereof, and
wherein the polyimide is present at 100 parts by weight of solid;
B. a sterically hindered epoxy represented by the following formula:
wherein Z is an alkyl, alkoxy, phenyl, phenoxy, halogen, or a combination thereof;
wherein Y is either a covalent bond, oxygen, sulfur, methylene, fluorenylidene, ethylidene, sulfonyl, cyclohexylidene, 1-phenylethylidene, or C(CH 3 ) 2 , C(CF 3 ) 2 ; and
wherein m is an integer between and including 0 to 5;
wherein the sterically hindered epoxy is present from 5 to 25 parts by weight of solid;
C. a dicyclopentadiene phenolic resin,
wherein the dicyclopentadiene phenolic resin is present from 5 to 25 parts by weight of solid; and
D. an organic solvent,
wherein the organic solvent is present from 200 to 900 parts by weight solvent.
2 . A composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the sterically hindered epoxy is selected from a group consisting of tetramethyl biphenol epoxy (TMBP), tetramethylbisphenol A epoxy (TMBPA), and tetrabromobisphenol-A epoxy and mixtures thereof.
3 . A composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the diamine component additionally comprising from 50 to 98 mole percent of a diamine selected from a group consisting of 3,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (3,4′-ODA), 4,4′-diamino-2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl (TFMB), 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine, 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, 3,3′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3′dimethylbenzidine, 3,3′-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine, 2,2′-bis-(p-aminophenyl)hexafluoropropane, bis(trifluoromethoxy)benzidine (TFMOB), 2,2′-bis(pentafluoroethoxy)benzidine (TFEOB), 2,2′-trifluoromethyl-4,4′-oxydianiline (OBABTF), 2-phenyl-2-trifluoromethyl-bis(p-aminophenyl)methane, 2-phenyl-2-trifluoromethyl-bis(m-aminophenyl)methane, 2,2′-bis(2-heptafluoroisopropoxy-tetrafluoroethoxy)benzidine (DFPOB), 2,2-bis(m-aminophenyl)hexafluoropropane (6-FmDA), 2,2-bis(3-amino-4-methylphenyl)hexafluoropropane, 3,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,4-diaminobenzene (2TFMPDA), 1-(3,5-diaminophenyl)-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3,3,4,4,5,5,5-heptafluoropentane, 3,5-diaminobenzotrifluoride (3,5-DABTF), 3,5-diamino-5-(pentafluoroethyl)benzene, 3,5-diamino-5-(heptafluoropropyl)benzene, 2,2′-dimethylbenzidine (DMBZ), 2,2′,6,6′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMBZ), 3,6-diamino-9,9-bis(trifluoromethyl)xanthene (6FCDAM), 3,6-diamino-9-trifluoromethyl-9-phenylxanthene (3FCDAM), 3,6-diamino-9,9-diphenyl xanthene and mixtures thereof, and
wherein the polyimide is derived from a dianhydride component, the dianhydride component being a dianhydride selected from a group consisting of: 3,3′,4,4′-diphenylsulfone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (DSDA), 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6-FDA), 1-phenyl-1,1-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethane dianhydride, 1,1,1,3,3,4,4,4-octylfluoro-2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)butane dianhydride, 1-phenyl-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1,1-bis(3,4-dicarboxylphenyl)propane dianhydride, 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA), 2,2′-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)propane dianhydride, 2,2′-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)-2-phenylethane dianhydride, 2,3,6,7-tetracarboxy-9-trifluoromethyl-9-phenylxanthene dianhydride (3FCDA), 2,3,6,7-tetracarboxy-9,9-bis(trifluoromethyl)xanthene dianhydride (6FCDA), 2,3,6,7-tetracarboxy-9-methyl-9-trifluoromethylxanthene dianhydride (MTXDA), 2,3,6,7-tetracarboxy-9-phenyl-9-methylxanthene dianhydride (MPXDA), 2,3,6,7-tetracarboxy-9,9-dimethylxanthene dianhydride (NMXDA) and mixtures thereof.
4 . A composition in accordance with claim 1 further comprising an electrically conductive material present in an amount from 10 to 80 weight percent of the total weight of the composition.
5 . A composition in accordance with claim 4 wherein the electrically conductive material is an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ru, Pt, Ir, Cu, Bi, Mo, Nb, Cr and Ti and mixtures thereof.
6 . A composition in accordance with claim 4 wherein the electrically conductive material is a material selected from a group consisting of: metal carbides, metal nitrides, metal borides and mixtures thereof.
7 . A composition in accordance with claim 4 wherein the electrically conductive material is a nanopowder.
8 . A composition in accordance with claim 4 further comprising a non-electrically conductive filler, the filler being selected from a group consisting of talc, fumed silica, silica, fumed aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide, bentonite, calcium carbonate, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, mica, glass and mixtures thereof.
9 . A composition in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent has a Hanson polar solubility parameter from 2.1 to 3.0, and wherein the organic solvent has a normal boiling point from 210 to 260° C.
10 . A composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the organic solvent is selected from one or more dibasic acid esters.
11 . A composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate, propyleneglycol diacetate (PGDA), Dowanol® PPh, butyl carbitol acetate, carbitol acetate and mixtures thereof.
12 . A composition in accordance with claim 4 further comprising an adhesion promoter selected from the group consisting of polyhydroxyphenylether, polybenzimidazole, polyetherimide, polyamideimide, PKHH-polyhydroxyphenyl ether, 2-amino-5-mercaptothiophene, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiodiazole-2-thiol, benzotriazole, 5-chloro-benzotriazole, 1-chloro-benzotriazole, 1-carboxy-benzotriazole, 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole, 2-mercaptobenzoxazole, 1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol, mercaptobenzimidazole and mixtures thereof.
13 . A composition in accordance with claim 4 further comprising a tertiary aromatic amine catalyst or the salt of a tertiary aromatic amine catalyst.
14 . A composition in accordance with claim 4 , said composition being in a screen-printed configuration supported directly or indirectly by a layer of copper.