High-speed cooking oven with optimized cooking efficiency
View Patent ↗The present invention is directed to improving the conventional high-speed cooking oven based on a combination of hot air impingement and microwave heating by providing a time-dependent spatial variation in the net air impingement and/or net microwave energy applied to the food product in the oven. This is aimed at optimizing heat transfer and microwave efficiencies in a high-speed cooking oven, thereby enabling the oven to deliver an optimal cooking efficiency in comparison to the conventional high-speed cooking oven. In addition, under the present invention, the cooking efficiency may be further optimized by dimensioning the nozzles for hot air impingement to tighten impingement plumes, subject to the space constraint of the oven's cooking chamber, and dimensioning the cooking chamber of the oven in integer multiples of the wavelength of the microwave energy to match the microwave load. With the optimized cooking efficiency provided by the present invention, the high speed cooking technology may now be extended to ovens operating on a power supply based on a voltage less than 220 volts, preferably between 110 and 125 volts, with more productive results, so that the high-speed cooking technology may find a wider applicability and customer base.
1. An oven for cooking a food product, comprising:
a cooking chamber comprising a top and a support for receiving the food product for cooking;
a conduit for providing a gas into the cooking chamber;
a thermal energy source for heating the gas disposed in the conduit;
a first nozzle for causing a first impingement of the gas from the conduit into the cooking chamber; and
a second nozzle for causing a second impingement of the gas from the conduit into the cooking chamber,
wherein the first nozzle is configured and positioned to direct the first impingement of the gas generally toward a first side of the support, the second nozzle is configured and positioned to direct the second impingement of the gas generally toward a second side of the support, the first and the second sides being generally opposite sides of the support, and the first and the second nozzles are further configured and positioned to respectively direct the first and the second impingements of the gas to meet each other above the food product on the support in the cooking chamber.
2. The oven of claim 1 , wherein the first side comprises a right edge of the support and the second side comprises a left edge of the support.
3. The oven of claim 1 , wherein the first and the second nozzles are further configured and positioned to respectively direct the first and the second impingements of the gas to meet each other above the midpoint between the first and the second sides of the support in the cooking chamber.
4. The oven of claim 1 , wherein the first and the second nozzles are dimensioned to optimize the flow rates of the gas.
5. The oven of claim 1 , wherein the diameter of each of the first and the second nozzles is dimensioned to optimize the flow rate of the corresponding nozzle.
6. The oven of claim 1 , wherein the length of each of the first and the second nozzles is dimensioned to optimize the flow rate of the corresponding nozzle and the dimension of the cooking chamber simultaneously.
7. The oven of claim 6 , wherein the length of each of the first and the second nozzles is substantially 3 inches.
8. The oven of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the inlet orifice area to the exit orifice area for each of the first and the second nozzles is set to optimize the air impingement from the corresponding nozzle.
9. The oven of claim 8 , wherein the ratio of the inlet orifice area to the exit orifice area for each of the first and the second nozzles is substantially 4 to 1.
10. The oven of claim 1 , wherein the respective directions of the first and the second impingements of the gas are at a substantially 90-degree angle with respect to each other.
11. The oven of claim 1 , wherein the first and the second nozzles are further configured to respectively direct the first and the second impingements of the gas at a substantially 45-degree angle with respect to the support.
12. The oven of claim 1 , wherein the first nozzle is positioned at a first half of the top and the second nozzle is positioned at a second half of the top.
13. The oven of claim 1 , further comprising a support controller for modulating in time the distance of the support from the first and the second nozzles.
14. The oven of claim 1 , further comprising a third nozzle for causing a third impingement of the gas from the conduit into the cooking chamber, the third nozzle being configured and positioned to direct the third impingement of the gas below the support.
15. The oven of claim 1 , wherein the conduit comprises a first return air exit and a second return air exit below the support in the cooking chamber, the first and the second return air exits being positioned on the opposite sides of the cooking chamber respectively proximate to the first and the second sides of the support.
16. The oven of claim 15 , further comprising a return air exit controller for controlling the closing and the opening of each of the first and the second return air exits.
17. The oven of claim 16 , wherein the return air exit controller is adapted to close the first return air exit and open the second return air exit when the first air impingement is greater than the second air impingement, and to open the first return air exit and close the second return air exit when the second air impingement is greater than the first air impingement.
18. The oven of claim 1 , wherein the oven is adapted to be powered by a voltage less than 220 volts.
19. The oven of claim 18 , wherein the voltage is between 110 and 125 volts.
20. The oven of claim 1 , further comprising an air modulator for controlling respective flow rates of the gas for the first and the second impingements.
21. The oven of claim 20 , wherein the air modulator is adapted to cause a time-dependent spatial variation in the sum of the first and the second impingements of the gas applied to the food product in the cooking chamber.
22. The oven of claim 20 , wherein the air modulator is configured to provide a first periodic modulation in time of the flow rate of the gas for the first impingement and a second periodic modulation in time of the flow rate of the gas for the second impingement, the first and the second periodic modulations having substantially the same amplitude and period but differing in phase by 180 degrees.
23. The oven of claim 22 , wherein the sum of the first and the second periodic modulations is substantially constant in time.
24. The oven of claim 22 , wherein the first periodic modulation comprises a first sinusoidal function in time for the flow rate of the first impingement and the second periodic modulation comprises a second sinusoidal function in time for the flow rate of the second impingement, the first and the second sinusoidal functions having substantially the same amplitude and period but differing in phase by 180 degrees.