Aryl carbonyl derivatives as therapeutic agents
View Patent ↗This invention relates to aryl carbonyl derivatives which are activators of glucokinase which may be useful for the management, treatment, control, or adjunct treatment of diseases, where increasing glucokinase activity is beneficial.
1. A method for the treatment of: hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), Syndrome X, type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, or lowering of food intake, appetite regulation, regulating feeding behaviour, or for enhancing the secretion of enteroincretins comprising administering to one in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (Ib)
wherein,
R 24 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, —C(O)OR 2 , —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —NO 2 , —OR 2 , —NR 2 R 3 , C 1-6 -alkyl-Z-, cycloalkyl-Z-, heterocyclyl-Z-, aryl-Z-, heteroaryl-Z-, N(R 4 R 5 )—C 1-6 -alkylene-Z-, R 6 —W 1 —Z-, R 6 —W 1 —N(R 4 )—Z-, R 6 —N(R 4 )—Z-, and R 6 —W 1 —C 1-6 -alkylene-Z-;
R 2 and R 3 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, C 1-6 -alkyl-arylene-, C 1-6 -alkyl-heteroarylene-, heteroaryl, and aryl;
Z is a direct bond, —O—, —NH—, —NHCH 2 —, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C(O)NH—, —NHC(O)—, —N(H)CON(H)—, —N(CH 3 )CONH—, —N(H)SO 2 —, —SO 2 N(H)—, —C(O)—O—, —N(H)SO 2 N(H)—, or —O—C(O)—;
R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, aryl, C 1-6 -alkyl, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, and aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-;
W 1 is a direct bond, —O—, —C(O)—, —NH—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C(O)NH—, —NHC(O)—, —N(H)CON(H)—, —N(H)SO 2 —, —SO 2 N(H)—, —C(O)—O—, —N(H)SO 2 N(H)—, or —O—C(O)—;
L 1 is -D-alkylene-E-, —O—, —S—, —S(O)—, —S(O) 2 —, —C(O)—, —N(R 11 )—, or —C(═N—OR 12 );
D is a direct bond or —O— and E is a direct bond or —O—;
R 11 is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 12 is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl;
G 1 is C 1-6 -alkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, C 3-10 -cycloalkyl or C 3-10 -heterocyclyl, optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —OR 18 , —NR 18 R 19 , C 3-10 -cycloalkyl and C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 18 and R 19 , independently of each other, are hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl;
L 2 is a direct bond, —N—(R 20 )—, -alkylene-N(R 20 )—, -alkenylene-N(R 20 )—, or -alkynylene-N(R 20 )—;
R 20 is hydrogen;
L 3 is —C(O)—, —C(O)—C(O)— or —C(O)CH 2 C(O)—;
R 1 is hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, or C 2-6 -alkynyl, optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of R 33 , R 34 , and R 35 ;
R 33 , R 34 , and R 35 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of —CHF 2 , —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —OCHF 2 , —OCH 2 CF 3 , —OCF 2 CHF 2 , —S(O) 2 CF 3 , —SCF 3 , —OR 52 , —NR 52 R 53 , —SR 52 , —NR 52 S(O) 2 R 53 , —S(O) 2 NR 52 R 53 , —S(O)NR 52 R 53 , —S(O)R 52 , —S(O) 2 R 52 , —C(O)NR 52 R 53 , —OC(O)NR 52 R 53 , —NR 52 C(O)R 53 , —CH 2 C(O)NR 52 R 53 , —OCH 2 C(O)NR 52 R 53 , —CH 2 OR 52 , —CH 2 NR 52 R 53 , —OC(O)R 52 , —C(O)R 52 and —C(O)OR 52 ;
R 52 and R 53 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene, heteroaryl, and aryl;
or
R 52 and R 53 , when attached to the same nitrogen atom, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, may form a 3- to 8-membered heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and optionally containing one or two double bonds;
G 2 is
R 43 is selected from the group consisting of —SR 54 , —S(O) 2 R 54 , halogen, —C 1-6 -alkylene-C(O)OR 54 , —C(O)OR 54 , heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, of which the heterocyclyl moieties may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 70 ; and
of which the heteroaryl moieties optionally may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —C(O)OR 54 , —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —NO 2 , —OR 54 , —NR 54 R 55 and C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 70 is ═O, —C(O)CH 3 , —S(O) 2 CH 3 , —CF 3 , —C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH 2 ) 1-3 C(O)O—R 75 or C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 54 and R 55 independently of each other are hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl, or aryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 71 ;
or
R 54 and R 55 independently of each other are hydrogen or —(CHR 72 ) u —(CHR 73 ) v —W 6 , wherein
u is 0, 1 or 2;
v is 0, 1 or 2;
R 72 and R 73 independently of each other are hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkyl-arylene-aryl, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)O—R 75 , amino, or aminoalkyl;
W 6 is hydrogen, —O—R 75 , —C(O)O—R 75 , —C(O)—R 75 , —CONR 75 R 76 , —NR 75 R 76 , —NHCH 2 C(O)R 75 , —NHC(O)R 75 , —NHC(O)OR 75 , —S(O) 2 R 75 , —NHS(O) 2 R 75 , alkylamino, or dialkylamino, or
W 6 is a five or six membered ring wherein at least one ring atom is nitrogen and the remaining ring atoms are either carbon or oxygen or optionally substituted with C 1-6 -alkyl, —C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH 2 ) 1-3 C(O)O—R 75 , or ═O;
or
W 6 is phathalimido or heterocyclyl;
or
R 54 and R 55 , when attached to the same nitrogen atom, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, may form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and optionally containing one or two double bonds, and optionally substituted with one or more C 1-6 -alkyl groups;
R 71 is ═O, C 1-6 -alkyl, cycloalkyl, —C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH 2 ) 1-3 C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH 2 ) 1-3 NR 75 R 76 , —OH or amino;
R 75 and R 76 independently of each other are hydrogen, halogen, —OH, —CF 3 , or C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with —NH 2 ;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , for the treatment of hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, or type 1 diabetes.
3. A method selected from the group consisting of:
lowering blood glucose, delaying the progression of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 diabetes, delaying the progression of non-insulin requiring type 2 diabetes to insulin requiring type 2 diabetes, increasing the number and/or the size of beta cells in a mammalian subject, treatment of beta cell degeneration, treatment of apoptosis of beta cells, and treatment of functional dyspepsia,
comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of Formula (Ib)
wherein
R 24 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, —C(O)OR 2 , —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —NO 2 , —OR 2 , —NR 2 R 3 , C 1-6 -alkyl-Z-, cycloalkyl-Z-, heterocyclyl-Z-, aryl-Z-, heteroaryl-Z-, N(R 4 R 5 )—C 1-6 -alkylene-Z-, R 6 —W 1 —Z-, R 6 —W 1 —N(R 4 )—Z-, R 6 —N(R 4 )—Z-, and R 6 —W 1 —C 1-6 -alkylene-Z-;
R 2 and R 3 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-C 1-6 -alkyl-arylene-, C 1-6 -alkyl-heteroarylene-, heteroaryl, and aryl;
Z is a direct bond —O—, —NH—, —NHCH 2 —, —S—, —SO 2 —C(O)NH—, —NHC(O)—, —N(H)CON(H)—, —N(CH 3 )CONH—, —N(H)SO 2 —, —SO 2 N(H)—, —C(O)—O—, —N(H)SO 2 N(H)—, or —O—C(O)—;
R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, aryl, C 1-6 -alkyl, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, and aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-;
W 1 is a direct bond —O—, —C(O)—, —NH—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C(O)NH—, —NHC(O)—, —N(H)CON(H)—, N(H)SO 2 —, —SO 2 N(H)—, —C(O)—O—, —N(H)SO 2 N(H)—, or —O—C(O)—;
L 1 is -D-alkylene-E-, —O—, —S—, —S(O)—, —S(O) 2 —, —C(O)—, —N(R 11 )—, or —C(═N—OR 12 );
D is a direct bond or —O— and E is a direct bond or —O—;
R 11 is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 12 is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl;
G 1 is C 1-6 -alkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, C 3-10 -cycloalkyl or C 3-10 -heterocyclyl, optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —OR 18 , —NR 18 R 19 , C 3-10 -cycloalkyl and C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 18 and R 19 independently of each other, are hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl;
L 2 is a direct bond, —N—(R 20 )—, -alkylene-N(R 20 )—, -alkenylene-N(R 20 )—, or -alkynylene-N(R 20 )—;
R 20 is hydrogen;
L 3 is —C(O)—, —C(O)—C(O)— or —C(O)CH 2 C(O)—;
R 1 is hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, or C 2-6 -alkynyl, optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of R 33 , R 34 , and R 35 ;
R 33 , R 34 , and R 35 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of —CHF 2 , —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —OCHF 2 , —OCH 2 CF 3 , —OCF 2 CHF 2 , —S(O) 2 CF 3 , —SCF 3 , —OR 52 , —NR 52 R 53 , —SR 52 , —NR 52 S(O) 2 R 53 , —S(O) 2 NR 52 R 53 , —S(O)NR 52 R 53 , —S(O)R 52 , —S(O) 2 R 52 , —C(O)NR 52 R 53 , —OC(O)NR 52 R 53 , —NR 52 C(O)R 53 , —CH 2 C(O)NR 52 R 53 , —OCH 2 C(O)NR 52 R 53 , —CH 2 OR 52 , —CH 2 NR 52 R 53 , —OC(O)R 52 , —C(O)R 52 and —C(O)OR 52 ;
R 52 and R 53 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene, heteroaryl, and aryl;
or
R 52 and R 53 , when attached to the same nitrogen atom, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, may form a 3- to 8-membered heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and optionally containing one or two double bonds;
G 2 is
R 43 is selected from the group consisting of —SR 54 , —S(O) 2 R 54 , halogen, —C 1-6 -alkylene-C(O)OR 54 , —C(O)OR 54 , heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, of which the heterocyclyl moieties may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 70 ; and
of which the heteroaryl moieties optionally may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —C(O)OR 54 , —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —NO 2 , —OR 54 , —NR 54 R 55 and C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 70 is ═O, —C(O)CH 3 , —S(O) 2 CH 3 , —CF 3 , —C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH 2 ) 1-3 C(O)O—R 75 or C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 54 and R 55 independently of each other are hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl, or aryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 71 ;
or
R 54 and R 55 independently of each other are hydrogen or —(CHR 72 ) u —(CHR 73 ) y —W 6 , wherein
u is 0, 1 or 2;
v is 0, 1 or 2;
R 72 and R 73 independently of each other are hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkyl-arylene-aryl, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)O—R 75 , amino, or aminoalkyl;
W 6 is hydrogen, —O—R 75 , —C(O)O—R 75 , —C(O)—R 75 , —CONR 75 R 76 , —NR 75 R 76 , —NHCH 2 C(O)R 75 , —NHC(O)R 75 , —NHC(O)OR 75 , —S(O) 2 R 75 , —NHS(O) 2 R 75 , alkylamino, or dialkylamino, or
W 6 is a five or six membered ring wherein at least one ring atom is nitrogen and the remaining ring atoms are either carbon or oxygen or optionally substituted with C 1-6 -alkyl, —C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH s ) 1-3 C(O)O—R 75 , or ═O;
or
W 6 is phathalimido or heterocyclyl;
or
R 54 and R 55 , when attached to the same nitrogen atom, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, may form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and optionally containing one or two double bonds, and optionally substituted with one or more C 1-6 -alkyl groups;
R 71 is ═O C 1-6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, —C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH 2 ) 1-3 C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH 2 ) 1-3 NR 75 R 76 , —OH or amino;
cm R 75 and R 76 independently of each other are hydrogen, halogen, —OH, —CF 3 , or C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with —NH 2 ;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a compound of Formula (Ib) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the method is lowering blood glucose.
5. A method for activating glucokinase in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a compound of Formula (Ib)
wherein
R 24 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, —C(O)OR 2 , —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —NO 2 , —OR 2 , —NR 2 R 3 , C 1-6 -alkyl-Z-, cycloalkyl-Z-, heterocyclyl-Z-, aryl-Z-, heteroaryl-Z-, N(R 4 R 5 )—C 1-6 -alkylene-Z-, R 6 —W 1 —Z-, R 6 —W 1 —N(R 4 )—Z-, R 6 —N(R 4 )—Z-, and R 6 —W 1 —C 1-6 -alkylene-Z-;
R 2 and R 3 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, C 1-6 -alkyl-arylene-, C 1-6 -alkyl-heteroarylene-, heteroaryl, and aryl;
Z is a direct bond —O—, —NH—, —NHCH 2 —, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C(O)NH—, —NHC(O)—, —N(H)CON(H)—, —N(CH 3 )CONH—, —N(H)SO 2 —, —SO 2 N(H)—, —C(O)—O—, —N(H)SO 2 N(H)—, or —O—C(O)—;
R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, aryl, C 1-6 -alkyl, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, and aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-;
W 1 is a direct bond —O—, —C(O)—, —NH—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C(O)NH—, —NHC(O)—, —N(H)CON(H)—, —N(H)SO 2 —, —SO 2 N(H)—, —C(O)—O—, —N(H)SO 2 N(H)—, or —O—C(O)—;
L 1 is -D-alkylene-E-, —O—, —S—, —S(O)—, —S(O) 2 —, —C(O)—, —N(R 11 )—, or —C(═N—OR 12 );
D is a direct bond or —O— and E is a direct bond or —O—;
R 11 is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 12 is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl;
G 1 is C 1-6 -alkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 3-10 -cycloalkyl or C 3-10 -heterocyclyl, optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —OR 18 , —NR 18 R 19 , C 3-10 -cycloalkyl and C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 18 and R 19 independently of each other, are hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl;
L 2 is a direct bond, —N—(R 20 )—, -alkylene-N(R 20 )—, -alkenylene-N(R 20 )—, or -alkynylene-N(R 20 )—;
R 20 is hydrogen;
L 3 is —C(O)—, —C(O)—C(O)— or —C(O)CH 2 C(O)—;
R 1 is hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, or C 2-6 -alkynyl, optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of R 33 , R 34 , and R 35 ;
R 33 , R 34 , and R 35 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of —CHF 2 , —CF 2 , —OCF 3 , —OCHF 2 , —OCH 2 CF 3 , —OCF 2 CHF 2 , —S(O) 2 CF 3 , —SCF 3 , —OR 52 , —NR 52 R 53 , —SR 52 , —NR 52 S(O) 2 R 53 , —S(O) 2 NR 52 R 53 , —S(O)NR 52 R 53 , —S(O)R 52 , —S(O) 2 R 52 , —C(O)NR 52 R 53 , —OC(O)NR 52 R 53 , —NR 52 C(O)R 53 , —CH 2 C(O)NR 52 R 53 , —OCH C(O)NR 52 R 53 , —CH 2 OR 52 , —CH 2 NR 52 R 53 , —OC(O)R 52 , —C(O)R 52 and —C(O)OR 52 ;
R 52 and R 53 independently of each other are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene, heteroaryl, and aryl;
or
R 52 and R 53 , when attached to the same nitrogen atom, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, may form a 3- to 8-membered heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and optionally containing one or two double bonds;
G 2 is
R 43 is selected from the group consisting of —SR 54 , —S(O) 2 R 54 , halogen, —C 1-6 -alkylene-C(O)OR 54 , —C(O)OR 54 , heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, of which the heterocyclyl moieties may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 70 ; and
of which the heteroaryl moieties optionally may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —C(O)OR 54 , —CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —NO 2 , —OR 54 , —NR 54 R 55 and C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 70 is ═O—C(O)CH 3 , —S(O) 2 CH 3 , —CF 3 , —C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH 2 ) 1-3 C(O)O—R 75 or C 1-6 -alkyl;
R 54 and R 55 independently of each other are hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C 1-6 -alkylene-, heteroaryl, or aryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 71 ;
or
R 54 and R 55 independently of each other are hydrogen or —(CHR 72 ) u —(CHR 73 ) v —W 6 , wherein
u is 0, 1 or 2;
v is 0, 1 or 2;
R 72 and R 73 independently of each other are hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkyl -arylene-aryl, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)O—R 75 , amino, or aminoalkyl;
W 6 is hydrogen, —O—R 75 , —C(O)O—R 75 , —C(O)—R 75 , —CONR 75 R 76 , —NR 75 R 76 , —NHCH 2 C(O)R 75 , —NHC(O)R 75 , —NHC(O)OR 75 , —S(O) 2 R 75 , —NHS(O) 2 R 75 , alkylamino, or dialkylamino, or
W 6 is a five or six membered ring wherein at least one ring atom is nitrogen and the remaining ring atoms are either carbon or oxygen or optionally substituted with C 1-6 -alkyl, —C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH 2 ) 1-3 C(O)O—R 75 , or ═O;
or
W 6 is phathalimido or heterocyclyl;
or
R 54 and R 55 , when attached to the same nitrogen atom, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, may form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and optionally containing one or two double bonds, and optionally substituted with one or more C 1-6 -alkyl groups;
R 71 is ═O C 1-6 alkyl, cycloalkyl, —C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH 2 ) 1-3 C(O)O—R 75 , —(CH 2 ) 1-3 NR 75 R 76 , —OH or amino;
R 75 and R 76 independently of each other are hydrogen, halogen, —OH, —CF 3 , or C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with —NH 2 ;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula (Ib) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(2-Cyclopentanecarbonyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}acetic acid, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(2-Cyclopentanecarbonyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}acetic acid.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(4-Methyl-2-[2-methylpropoxy]phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetic acid, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(4-Methyl-2-[2-methylpropoxy]phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetic acid.
10. The method of claim 3 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(2-Cyclopentanecarbonyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}acetic acid, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(2-Cyclopentanecarbonyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}acetic acid.
12. The method of claim 3 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(4-Methyl-2-[2-methylpropoxy]phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetic acid, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(4-Methyl-2-[2-methylpropoxy]phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetic acid.
14. The method of claim 5 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(2-Cyclopentanecarbonyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}acetic acid, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(2-Cyclopentanecarbonyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}acetic acid.
16. The method of claim 5 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(4-Methyl-2-[2-methylpropoxy]phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetic acid, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the compound is {2-[3-(4-Methyl-2-[2-methylpropoxy]phenyl)-ureido]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetic acid.