Method for generating intensive high-voltage pulses for industrial use and associated circuit

1. A method for industrial use of intensive high-voltage pulses in which a pulse transformer and a transformer are used, comprising:

generating high-voltage pulses in a first stage of a Marx generator, having multiple stages and a first spark gap, by discharging a capacitive energy store by closing a semiconductor switch, where the high-voltage pulses are coupled parallel-capacitively thereby minimizing jitter; and

triggering the Marx generator with the high-voltage pulses at desired times, leading to longitudinal overvoltage triggering of the first spark gap of the Marx generator.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising sterilizing at least one of grain, corn, hops, tomatoes and fruit by applying strong electrical fields produced by the Marx generator.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising extracting at least one of cell content substances and building blocks of protein shells from cells in a pharmaceutical or chemical process, using the Marx generator.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , further comprising causing blood flow due to cell breakdown caused by the Marx generator.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising analyzing at least one of asphalt and concrete samples by electrohydraulic disintegration and breakdown thereof caused by the Marx generator.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising recycling of at least one of concrete and asphalt by electrohydraulic disintegration and breakdown thereof caused by the Marx generator.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising treating water containing impurities by applying the high-voltage pulses.

8. A circuit for industrial use of intensive high-voltage pulses, comprising:

a Marx generator having a predetermined number of individual stages and a first spark gap; and

means for triggering said Marx generator by generating and coupling high-voltage pulses into a first stage of said Marx generator, leading to a longitudinal overvoltage triggering of the first spark gap of said Marx generator, said means including

a pulse transformer having a primary side and a secondary side;

a capacitive energy store; and

a semiconductor switch which when closed generates the high-voltage pulses by discharging the capacitive energy store into the primary side of the pulse transformer.

9. The circuit as claimed in claim 8 ,

wherein the first stage of said Marx generator has a frame with a line at a ground end and a charging inductance, with the secondary side of the pulse transformer inserted into the line, and

wherein said means for triggering said Marx generator further comprises a pulse generation circuit connected to the primary side of the pulse transformer.

10. The circuit as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the pulse transformer has a transformation ratio between 8:1 and 20:1, inclusive.

11. The circuit as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the pulse transformer has a transformation ratio of substantially 15:1.

12. The circuit as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the pulse transformer has less than three turns on the primary side.

13. The circuit as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the charging inductance is between 100 μH and 2 mH, inclusive.

14. The circuit as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the charging inductance is equal in all stages of the Marx generator.

15. The circuit as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the pulse transformer has one of a ferrite core and a cut strip-wound core.

16. The circuit as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the pulse transformer has a core substantially 10 cm 2 in cross section.

17. The circuit as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the pulse transformer has windings applied to the core that are formed by a high-voltage-insulated wire.

18. The circuit as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the pulse transformer has one of a single insulating coil former and separate coil formers, to which the windings are applied.

19. The circuit as claimed in claim 18 , further comprising a chamber substantially filled with at least one of an insulating gas atmosphere and an insulating liquid that provides insulation for said circuit.

20. The circuit as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the pulse transformer includes at least one casting formed of at least one resin or at least one polymer.

21. The circuit as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the pulse generation circuit includes

a capacitor that provides the capacitive energy store and can be charged up to a predeterminable voltage, and

the semiconductor switch which is disposed in the primary winding of the pulse transformer.