METHOD OF PRODUCING LIQUID KOJI
An object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing liquid koji having high enzymatic activity by optimizing composition of liquid medium for the liquid koji. In particular, the present invention provides a method of producing liquid koji having enhanced enzymatic activity, the method comprising culturing white koji molds and/or black koji molds in liquid medium containing a nitrogen source by using the cereal of which surface is entirely or partly covered with husks as culture raw material.
1 . A method of producing liquid koji having enhanced activity of enzymes, comprising culturing white koji molds or black koji molds in the liquid medium which contains the cereal of which surface is entirely covered with husks and at least one nitrogen sources selected from potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, yeast cells, treated products of yeast cells, cereal husks and cereal bran.
2 . The method of producing liquid koji having enhanced activity of enzymes according to claim 1 , wherein the enzymes comprise at least glucoamylase and acid stable α-amylase.
3 . The method of producing liquid koji having enhanced activity of enzymes according to claim 1 , wherein the liquid medium contains:
the cereal of which surface is entirely covered with husks;
one or two kinds selected from potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate;
one or two kinds selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium phosphate; and
from one to three kinds selected from magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, iron sulfate heptahydrate and ammonium sulfate.
4 . The method of producing liquid koji having enhanced activity of enzymes according to claim 3 , wherein the liquid medium contains one or two kinds selected from potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate in a concentration of 0.1 to 2.0% (w/vol).
5 . The method of producing liquid koji having enhanced activity of enzymes according to claim 3 , wherein the liquid medium contains one or two kinds selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium phosphate in a concentration of 0.05 to 1.0% (w/vol).
6 . The method of producing liquid koji having enhanced activity of enzymes according to claim 3 , wherein the liquid medium contains from one to three kinds selected from magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, iron sulfate heptahydrate and, ammonium sulfate in a concentration of 0.01 to 0.5% (w/vol).
7 . The method of producing liquid koji having enhanced activity of enzymes according to claim 1 , wherein the cereal of which surface is entirely covered with husks comprises crude rice, rice with all or part of chaffs and the wheat of from unpolished to polishing ratio of not less than 92%.
8 . The method of producing liquid koji having enhanced activity of enzymes according to claim 1 , wherein the white koji molds comprise Aspergillus kawachii.
9 . The method of producing liquid koji having enhanced activity of enzymes according to claim 1 , wherein the black koji molds comprises one or two kinds selected from Aspergillus awamori and Aspergillus niger.
10 . The method of producing liquid koji having enhanced activity of enzymes according to claim 1 , wherein the cereal comprises barley.
11 . A method of producing at least one enzymes selected from glucoamylase and acid stable α-amylase, comprising producing the enzymes by culturing white koji molds or black koji molds in the liquid medium which contains the cereal of which surface is entirely covered with husks and at least one nitrogen sources selected from potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, yeast cells, treated products of yeast cells, cereal husks and cereal bran.
12 . A method of producing at least one enzymes selected from glucoamylase, acid stable α-amylase, cellulase and acidic carboxypeptidase comprising producing the enzymes by culturing white koji molds or black koji molds in the liquid medium which contains:
the cereal of which surface is entirely covered with husks;
one or two kinds selected from potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate;
one or two kinds selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium phosphate; and
from one to three kinds selected from magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, iron sulfate heptahydrate and ammonium sulfate.
13 . The method of producing enzymes according to claim 12 , wherein the liquid medium contains one or two kinds selected from potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate in a concentration of 0.1 to 2.0% (w/vol).
14 . The method of producing enzymes according to claim 12 , wherein the liquid medium contains one or two kinds selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium phosphate in a concentration of 0.05 to 1.0% (w/vol).
15 . The method of producing enzymes according to claim 12 , wherein the liquid medium contains from one to three kinds selected from magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, iron sulfate heptahydrate and ammonium sulfate in a concentration of 0.01 to 0.5% (w/vol).
16 . The method of producing enzymes according to claim 11 or 12 , wherein the cereal of which surface is entirely covered with husks comprises crude rice, rice with all or part of chaffs and the wheat of from unpolished to polishing ratio of not less than 92%.
17 . The method of producing enzymes according to claim 11 or 12 , wherein the white koji molds comprise Aspergillus kawachii.
18 . The method of producing enzymes according to claim 11 or 12 , wherein the black koji molds comprises one or two kinds selected from Aspergillus awamori and Aspergillus niger.
19 . The method of producing enzymes according to claim 11 or 12 , wherein the cereal comprises barley.