Benzimidazole compounds and their use as chromatographic ligands

1. A method for isolation of immunoglobulins from a solution containing one or more immunoglobulins, comprising:

a) contacting the solution containing one or more immunoglobulins with a solid phase matrix of the general formula

M-SP-L,

wherein M designates the matrix backbone, SP designates a spacer, and L designates a ligand represented by the structural formula (II):

or a tautomer thereof, wherein

R 1 is —Z—N(R 3 ) 2 ;

R 2 is —H, -halogen, —OR 4 , —NH 2 , -alkyl, —NO 2 , —SO 3 H, —N(R 3 )C(O)N(R 3 ) 2 ,

R 3 , for each occurrence, is independently —H or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

R 4 , for each occurrence, is independently —H or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

R 5 , for each occurrence, is independently —H or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

Z is a single bond, an optionally substituted alkylene, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene or a substituted or unsubstituted alkynylene; and

n is an integer from 0 to 4;

b) separating the solid phase matrix having immunoglobulins bound thereto from the solution;

c) optionally washing the solid phase matrix; and

d) contacting the solid phase matrix with an eluent in order to liberate the one or more immunoglobulins from the solid phase matrix, thereby isolating the immunoglobulin.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein L designates a ligand represented by the following structural formula:

or a tautomer thereof.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein R 5 is —H.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein Z is a single bond and n is 1.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein R 3 is —H.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein L designates a ligand represented by one of the following structural formulas:

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH of the solution containing one or more immunoglobulins is in the range of 6.0 to 10.0.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the matrix backbone is agarose.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the spacer SP is represented by the following formula:

—(O—CH 2 CH(OH)—CH 2 ) m —,

wherein m is an integer from 1 to 10.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the matrix backbone is agarose;

the spacer SP is represented by the following formula:

—(O—CH 2 CH(OH)—CH 2 ) m —,

wherein m is an integer from 1 to 3; and

the ligand L is represented by one of the following structural formulas:

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution containing one or more immunoglobulins has a pH in the range of 2.0 to 10.0.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the solution containing one or more immunoglobulins has a total salt content corresponding to an ionic strength of at the most 2.0, and lyotropic salts in a concentration of at the most 0.4 M.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the solution containing one or more immunoglobulins has no lyotropic salt.

14. A method for isolation of immunoglobulins from a solution containing one or more immunoglobulins, comprising:

a) contacting the solution containing one or more immunoglobulins with a solid phase matrix of the general formula

M-SP-L,

wherein M designates the matrix backbone, SP designates a spacer, and L designates a ligand represented by the structural formula (II):

or a tautomer thereof, wherein

R 1 is —Z—SR 3 ;

R 2 is —H, -halogen, —OR 4 , —NH 2 , -alkyl, —NO 2 , —SO 3 H, —N(R 3 )C(O)N(R 3 ) 2 ,

R 3 , for each occurrence, is independently —H or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

R 4 , for each occurrence, is independently —H or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

R 5 , for each occurrence, is independently —H or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

Z is a single bond, an optionally substituted alkylene, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene or a substituted or unsubstituted alkynylene; and

n is an integer from 0 to 4;

b) separating the solid phase matrix having immunoglobulins bound thereto from the solution;

c) optionally washing the solid phase matrix; and

d) contacting the solid phase matrix with an eluent in order to liberate the one or more immunoglobulins from the solid phase matrix, thereby isolating the immunoglobulin.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein L designates a ligand represented by the following structural formula:

or a tautomer thereof.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein R 5 is —H.

17. The method of claim 14 , wherein L designates a ligand represented by the following structural formula:

18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the pH of the solution containing one or more immunoglobulins is in the range of 2.0 to 10.0.

19. The method of claim 14 , wherein the matrix backbone is agarose.

20. The method of claim 14 , wherein the spacer SP is represented by the following formula:

—(O—CH 2 CH(OH)—CH 2 ) m —,

wherein m is an integer from 1 to 10.

21. The method of claim 14 , wherein:

the matrix backbone is agarose;

the spacer SP is represented by the following formula:

—(O—CH 2 CH(OH)—CH 2 ) m -,

wherein m is an integer from 1 to 3; and the ligand L is represented by the following structural formula:

22. The method of claim 18 , wherein the solution containing one or more immunoglobulins has a total salt content corresponding to an ionic strength of at the most 2.0, and lyotropic salts in a concentration of at the most 0.4 M.

23. A method for isolation of immunoglobulins from a solution containing one or more immunoglobulins, comprising:

a) contacting the solution containing one or more immunoglobulins with a solid phase matrix of the general formula

M-SP-L,

wherein M designates the matrix backbone, SP designates a spacer, and L designates a ligand represented by the structural formula (II):

or a tautomer thereof, wherein

R 1 is —Z—OR 3 ;

R 2 is —H, -halogen, —OR 4 , —NH 2 , -alkyl, —NO 2 , —SO 3 H, —N(R 3 )C(O)N(R 3 ) 2 ,

R 3 , for each occurrence, is independently —H or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

R 4 , for each occurrence, is independently —H or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

R 5 , for each occurrence, is independently —H or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

Z is a single bond, an optionally substituted alkylene, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene or a substituted or unsubstituted alkynylene; and

n is an integer from 0 to 4;

b) separating the solid phase matrix having immunoglobulins bound thereto from the solution;

c) optionally washing the solid phase matrix; and

d) contacting the solid phase matrix with an eluent in order to liberate the one or more immunoglobulins from the solid phase matrix, thereby isolating the immunoglobulin.

24. The method of claim 23 , wherein L designates a ligand represented by the following structural formula:

or a tautomer thereof.

25. The method of claim 24 , wherein R 5 is —H.

26. The method of claim 23 , wherein the pH of the solution containing one or more immunoglobulins is in the range of 2.0 to 10.0.

27. The method of claim 23 , wherein the matrix backbone is agarose.

28. The method of claim 23 , wherein the spacer SP is represented by the following formula:

—(O—CH 2 CH(OH)—CH 2 ) m —,

wherein m is an integer from 1 to 10.

29. The method of claim 26 , wherein the solution containing one or more immunoglobulins has a total salt content corresponding to an ionic strength of at the most 2.0, and lyotropic salts in a concentration of at the most 0.4 M.

30. The method of claim 14 , wherein Z is a single bond; n is 1; and R 3 is —H.

31. The method of claim 23 , wherein Z is a single bond; n is 1; and R 3 is —H.