Creping adhesives made from amine-terminated polyamidoamines
View Patent ↗Polyamidoamine (PAE) resins are prepared from polyamidoamine made with excess amine, which are reacted with a specifically defined amount of difunctional crosslinker. The amount of difunctional crosslinker used is based on the polyamidoamine amine number and reduced specific viscosity (RSV). The PAE resin is prepared by first synthesizing a polyamidoamine from a polyamine and a polycarboxylic acid or polycarboxylic acid derivative, wherein the polyamine is present in a molar excess, said molar excess being from about 1.02 to 2.00, then reacting the polyamidoamine with difunctional crosslinker, wherein the weight % of difunctional crosslinker to polyamidoamine solids is no more than about 0.308(amine number/RSV)—9.18 or 385(amine number/RSV)—5.20, wherein the amine number is expressed as the milliequivalents of amine per gram of polyamidoamine solids and the RSV is the reduced specific viscosity measured at 2% concentration in 1M NH 4 Cl expressed in deciliters per gram. PAE resins prepared according to this process can by used in creping adhesives, which are used to manufacture a variety of paper articles, such as facial tissue, bath tissue, wipes, paper towels, paper napkins, filter papers, and coffee filters.
1. A process for preparing a polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin comprising the steps of:
(1) reacting a polycarboxylic acid or a polycarboxylic acid derivative with an excess of a polyamine to form a polyamidoamine; and
(2) reacting the polyamidoamine of (1) with epichlorohydrin to form a polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin;
wherein the molar ratio of said polyamine to said polycarboxylic acid is in the range of from 1.02:1 to 1.48:1; and
wherein the weight percent of epichlorohydrin to polyamidoamine in step (2) is from 3.85% to 47%, and
the maximum weight ratio of epichlorohydrin to the solids of polyamidoamine used in step (2) is no greater than about the calculated result of the mathematical expression [0.308-(amine number/RSV)—9.18], wherein said amine number is expressed as the milliequivalents of amine per gram of polyamidoamine solids and said RSV is the reduced specific viscosity measured at 2% concentration in 1 M NH 4 Cl expressed in deciliters per gram.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reaction between said polyamidoamine and said epichlorohydrin is conducted in an aqueous media.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein said polycarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of malonic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, citric acid, tricarballylic acid (1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid), 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, N,N,N′,N′-ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimellitic acid), 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (pyromellitic acid), and mixtures thereof.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein said polycarboxylic acid derivative is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl adipate, dimethyl malonate, diethyl malonate, dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, diethyl glutarate, succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, N,N,N′,N′-ethylenediaminetetraacetate dianhydride, phthalic anhydride, mellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, adipoyl chloride, glutaryl chloride, sebacoyl chloride, and mixtures thereof.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein said polyamine is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene polyamines, polypropylene polyamines, polybutylene polyamines, polypentylene polyamines, polyhexylene polyamines, and mixtures thereof.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein said polyamine is selected from the group consisting of diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA), tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), dipropylenetriamine (DPTA), bis-hexamethylenetriamine (BHMT), N-methylbis(aminopropyl)amine (MBAPA), aminoethyl-piperazine (AEP), and mixtures thereof.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of said epichlorohydrin to the solids of said polyamidoamine is about 60 to 100% of the calculated maximum weight ratio of epichlorohydrin to the solids of saidpolyamidoamine.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein said polycarboxylic acid derivative is adipic acid or dimethyl glutarate and said polyamine is diethylenetriamine (DETA).
9. A polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin prepared by the process of claim 1 .
10. A creping adhesive comprising the polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin of claim 9 .
11. An article comprising the creping adhesive of claim 10 wherein said article is selected from the group consisting of facial tissue, bath tissue, wipes, paper towels, paper napkins, filter papers, and coffee filters.
12. An article comprising the polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin of claim 9 wherein said article is selected from the group consisting of facial tissue, bath tissue, wipes, paper towels, paper napkins, filter papers, and coffee filters.