Ignition module for use with a light-duty internal combustion engine
View Patent ↗A capacitive discharge ignition (CDI) system that can be used with a variety of light-duty internal combustion engines, including those typically employed by lawn, garden, and other outdoor equipment. According to one embodiment, the CDI system includes an ignition module having a first switching device that shorts a charge coil during an initial portion of a charge cycle. Subsequently, the first switching device is turned ‘off’ so that a flyback charging technique charges an ignition capacitor. A second switching device is then used to discharge the ignition capacitor and initiate the combustion process.
1. An ignition module for use with a capacitive discharge ignition (CDI) System comprising:
a charge coil being mounted in the ignition module to induce electrical energy in response to one or more rotating magnetic element(s);
an ignition capacitor being coupled to the charge coil to receive electrical energy from the charge coil;
a first switching device being coupled in parallel with the charge coil;
a second switching device being coupled to the ignition capacitor; and
an electronic processing device being coupled to the first switching device to provide it with a charge control signal and to the second switching device to provide it with a discharge control signal, wherein activation of the first switching device creates a ground path between the charge coil and ground so that electrical current flows through the parallel coupled first switching device and bypasses the ignition capacitor.
2. The ignition module of claim 1 , wherein the charge coil has an inductance of about 2-10 mH, inclusive, and a resistance of about 10-50 Ω, inclusive, which helps the ignition module perform a flyback charging technique.
3. The ignition module of claim 1 , wherein the first switching device has a minimum voltage rating of at least 300V and a minimum current rating of at least 1 Amp which helps the ignition module perform a flyback charging technique.
4. The ignition module of claim 1 , wherein the first switching device includes a first current carrying terminal coupled between the charge coil and the ignition capacitor, a second current carrying terminal coupled to ground, and a control terminal coupled to the electronic processing device to receive the charge control signal, wherein turning the first switching device ‘on’ causes electrical current to flow between the first and second current carrying terminals.
5. The ignition module of claim 1 , wherein the second switching device includes a first current carrying terminal coupled between the ignition capacitor and the charge coil, a second current carrying terminal coupled to ground, and a control terminal coupled to the electronic processing device to receive a discharge control signal, wherein turning the second switching device ‘on’ causes electrical current to flow between the first and second current carrying terminals.
6. The ignition module of claim 1 , further comprising an additional electrical device, wherein electrical energy induced in the charge coil both charges the ignition capacitor and powers the additional electrical device.
7. The ignition module of claim 6 , wherein the additional electrical device is a solenoid that controls an air/fuel mixture provided to a combustion chamber.
8. The ignition module of claim 1 , wherein the electronic processing devices uses the charge control signal to turn ‘on’ the first switching device for a first stage of the charge cycle and to turn ‘off’ the first switching device for a second stage of the charge cycle, thereby using a flyback charging technique to charge the ignition capacitor with electrical energy induced in the charge coil.
9. A method of operating an ignition module, comprising the steps of:
(a) inducing electrical energy in a charge coil in response to one or more rotating magnetic element(s), wherein a switching device is coupled in parallel to the charge coil;
(b) shorting the charge coil with the switching device during a first stage of a charge cycle so that electrical current flows between the charge coil and ground through the parallel coupled switching device and bypasses the ignition capacitor;
(c) interrupting the short with the switching device during a second stage of the charge cycle so that electrical current flows between the charge coil and the ignition capacitor, wherein an electronic processing device controls the switching device according to an engine input signal; and
(d) charging the ignition capacitor according to a flyback charging technique.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein step (b) further comprises shorting the charge coil at a time t 0 , and time t 0 is calculated as a certain amount of time following a previous pulse train of the engine input signal.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein step (c) further comprises interrupting the short at a time t 1 , and time t 1 is calculated from the engine input signal.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein time t 1 is based on a turn-off point that corresponds to a predetermined level y 0 on the engine input signal.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein time t 1 is based on a turn-off point that corresponds to a predetermined percentage of a peak signal level of the engine input signal.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein time t 1 is based on a turn-off point that generally corresponds to a predetermined amount of time x 0 following a known reference point on the engine input signal.
15. The method of claim 9 , further comprises the step of:
discharging the ignition capacitor at a time t 2 , wherein the time t 2 is determined according to a desired ignition timing.
16. The method of claim 9 , further comprises the step of:
determining when the engine surpasses a predetermined engine speed, and if the engine surpasses the predetermined engine speed then using an uninterrupted charge cycle instead of the flyback charging technique.
17. The method of claim 9 , wherein step (c) further comprises interrupting the short during a second stage of the charge cycle that begins at a time that is calculated from a current feedback signal, wherein the current feedback signal is representative of the shorted current flowing through the charge coil.
18. The method of claim 9 , wherein the method is used with a 2-cycle light-duty internal combustion engine, and at least one of the steps (b) or (c) is performed while the engine is in a lower speed range that extends from about 300 RPM to 2,500 RPM.
19. The method of claim 9 , wherein the method is used with a 4-cycle light-duty internal combustion engine, and at least one of the steps (b) or (c) is performed while the engine is in a lower speed range that extends from about 150 RPM to 2,000 RPM.
20. The method of claim 9 , further comprises the step of:
powering an additional electrical device with electrical energy induced in the charge coil, wherein the charge coil both charges the ignition capacitor and powers the additional electrical device.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the additional electrical device is a solenoid that controls an air/fuel mixture provided to a combustion chamber.
22. A method of operating an ignition module, comprising the steps of:
(a) inducing electrical energy in a charge coil in response to one or more rotating magnetic element(s), wherein the charge coil has a relatively low inductance of about 2-10 mH, inclusive;
(b) using a flyback charging technique to charge an ignition capacitor with electrical energy from the low inductance charge coil, wherein the flyback charging technique is used when an engine is operating in a lower speed range; and
(c) using a non-flyback charging technique to power an additional electrical device with electrical energy from the same low inductance charge coil, wherein the non-flyback charging technique is used when the engine is operating in a higher speed range.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the engine is a 2-cycle light-duty internal combustion engine, and the ignition modules uses the non-flyback charging technique when the engine is operated in a lower speed range that extends from about 300 RPM to 2,500 RPM, inclusive, and the ignition module uses the non-flyback charging technique when the engine is operated in a higher speed range that extends from about 8,000 RPM to 11,000 RPM, inclusive.
24. The method of claim 22 , wherein the engine is a 4-cycle light-duty internal combustion engine, and the ignition modules uses the non-flyback charging technique when the engine is operated in a lower speed range that extends from about 150 RPM to 2,000 RPM, inclusive, and the ignition modules uses the non-flyback charging technique when the engine is operated in a higher speed range that extends from about 4,000 RPM to 5,000 RPM, inclusive.
25. A method of operating an ignition module, comprising the steps of:
(a) inducing electrical energy in a charge coil;
(b) monitoring an engine input signal with an electronic processing device, wherein the engine input signal is representative of at least one of the position or speed of an engine;
(c) shorting the charge coil during a first stage of a charge cycle so that electrical current flows between the charge coil and ground; and
(d) interrupting the short during a second stage of the charge cycle so that electrical current flows between the charge coil and an ignition capacitor, wherein the electronic processing device uses the engine input signal to determine the timing for at least one of the shorting or interrupting steps.