Electrical switch having a variable return force

1. An electrical switch system comprising:

a contact-bearing support configured to delimit a recess in a substantially horizontal bottom, wherein at least two fixed electrical contacts are positioned in the recess;

at least one dome-shaped first triggering device configured to be elastically deformable, in a substantially vertical direction, from a top rest position to form an electrical link between the at least two fixed electrical contacts;

an actuating push-button mounted to be displaced substantially vertically downward relative to the support, from a rest position in which the push-button is not in contact with the first triggering device, to a number of successive positions, including a first actuating position of contact with the first triggering device, and a second actuating position in which the push-button acts on the first triggering device so that the first triggering device is elastically deformed to make the electrical link between the at least two fixed electrical contacts;

a mechanism configured to return the push-button to the rest position, wherein the mechanism is configured to exert an elastic return force on the push-button, wherein the elastic return force is directed substantially vertically upward; and

an elastic element configured to exert an elastic force on the push-button, wherein the elastic force is directed upward when the push-button is displaced downward beyond a contact position.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the elastic element is further configured to be subject to an initial stress at least when the push-button is situated vertically above an intermediate contact position.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein the elastic element is further configured to be positioned between the first triggering device and the push-button, such that the elastic element is elastically deformed if the push-button is displaced beyond the first actuating position.

4. The system of claim 1 wherein the elastic element is further configured to form an elastic lever for transmitting a force of the push-button to the first triggering device, wherein the elastic lever is bearing on the support, at least when the actuating push-button is in a vertical position situated vertically downward, beyond the contact position.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein the elastic element is further configured to move relative to the support, from a rest position to which it is elastically returned, to the contact position associated with the first actuating position of the push-button, wherein the elastic element is bearing on the support, and wherein the elastic element is elastically deformed when the actuating push-button is displaced beyond the first actuating position.

6. The system of claim 5 wherein the elastic element is further configured to be driven from the rest position to the first contact position via the push-button.

7. The system of claim 1 wherein the mechanism comprises an elastic return device which is configured to exert the elastic return force on the push-button to return the elastic element to the rest position.

8. The system of claim 7 wherein the elastic element is further configured to be positioned between the push-button and the elastic return device.

9. The system of claim 7 wherein elastic element and the elastic return device are further configured to be produced in one piece by cutting and bending a piece of elastic material.

10. The system of claim 7 wherein the elastic element comprises a greater stiffness than the elastic return device.

11. The system of claim 1 wherein the elastic element is further configured to be in permanent contact with the support and with the first triggering device.

12. The system of claim 1 wherein the elastic element is further configured to exert a force on the first triggering device which does not make the electrical link between the two or more fixed contacts.

13. The system of claim 1 wherein the elastic element is further configured to be in direct contact with the first triggering device to transmit a force from the push-button to provoke a deformation of the first triggering device.

14. The system of claim 1 wherein the elastic element is further configured to be in contact with the first triggering device via a damping element to transmit a force of the push-button to the first triggering device.

15. The system of claim 1 wherein:

the elastic element comprises a first end which bears against the first triggering device and a second end which bears against the support; and

the push-button is configured to bear on an intermediate portion of the elastic element situated between the first end and the second end of the elastic element, when the push-button slides downward from the contact position.

16. The system of claim 1 wherein the first triggering device is configured to form a disengagable endstop of the push-button in the first contact position, which changes state when the push-button exerts a force of a value greater than a predetermined threshold value on the first triggering device.

17. The system of claim 1 further comprises a second triggering device, wherein the first triggering device and the second triggering device bear the elastic element, and wherein a first threshold value associated with the first triggering device is different from the second threshold value associated with the second triggering device, wherein the first triggering device exceeds the first threshold value to provoke a change of state of the first triggering device and the second triggering device exceeds the second threshold value to provoke a change of state of the second triggering device.