Aryl ketone compounds and compositions for delivering active agents

1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising:

(A) at least one biologically active agent selected from human growth hormone, interferon, heparin, low molecular weight heparin, cromolyn sodium, PYY, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, erythropoietin, and combinations thereof; and

(B) a delivery agent of the formula:

or a salt thereof, wherein

n is an integer from 1 to 9,

R 2 to R 4 are independently hydrogen, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, C 2 to C 6 alkenyl, halogen, hydroxyl, or —O—C 6 H 5 , and

R 1 and R 5 are independently hydrogen, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, C 2 to C 6 alkenyl, halogen, or —O—C 6 H 5 ,

or a salt thereof.

2. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one biologically active agent and a compound selected from:

10-(4-Hydroxy-phenyl)-10-oxodecanoic acid;

5-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-5-oxo-pentanoic acid;

4-(3,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

5-Oxo-5-phenyl-pentanoic acid;

5-(4-Isopropyl-phenyl)-5-oxo-pentanoic acid;

4-(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

6-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

6-(3,4-Dimethyl-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

4-(3,4-Dimethyl-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

6-(2,5-Dichloro-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

4-(2,5-Dichloro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

8-Oxo-8-phenyl-octanoic acid;

6-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

7-Oxo-7-phenyl-heptanoic acid;

4-(4-Ethyl-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(4-Butoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-Oxo-4-(4-propyl-phenyl)-butyric acid;

4-Oxo-4-(4-pentyl-phenyl)-butyric acid;

4-(4-Hexyloxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

6-(3,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

4-Oxo-4-p-tolyl-butyric acid;

6-Oxo-6-phenyl-hexanoic acid;

5-Oxo-5-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-pentanoic acid;

5-Oxo-5-(3-phenoxy-phenyl)-pentanoic acid; and

7-Oxo-7-(3-phenoxy-phenyl)-heptanoic acid;

and salts thereof; wherein said biologically active agent is selected from:

Adrenocorticotropin, Amylin, Calcitonin, Sumatriptan Succinate, Calcitonin, Cholecystokinin (CCK), Cromolyn sodium (Sodium Or Disodium Chromoglycate), Desferrioxamine (DFO), Erythropoietin, Exedin, Filgrastim (Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor), GM-CSF (sargramostim), Gallium nitrate, Follicle Stimulating Hormone (recombinant and natural), Glucagon, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1), Glucagon-Like Peptide 2 (GLP-2), Glucocerebrosidase, Gonadotropin releasing hormone, Human Growth Hormone (hGH), Heparin, Unfractionated Heparin, Low Molecular Weight Heparin, Very Low Molecular Weight Heparin, Ultra Low Molecular Weight Heparin, Insulin, Insulin-like growth factor IGF-1, α-interferon, β-interferon, γ-interferon, Leptin (OB Protein), Leutinizing hormone, leutinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, Oxytocin, Parathyroid hormone (PTH), Peptide YY (PYY), Somatostatin/octreotide, Thrombopoietin, Vasopressin, or any combination thereof.

3. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound selected from:

10-(4-Hydroxy-phenyl)-10-oxodecanoic acid;

4-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

5-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-5-oxo-pentanoic acid;

4-(3,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

5-Oxo-5-phenyl-pentanoic acid;

5-(4-Isopropyl-phenyl)-5-oxo-pentanoic acid;

4-(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

6-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

6-(3,4-Dimethyl-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

4-(3,4-Dimethyl-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

6-(2,5-Dichloro-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

4-(2,5-Dichloro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

8-Oxo-8-phenyl-octanoic acid;

6-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

7-Oxo-7-phenyl-heptanoic acid;

4-(4-Ethyl-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(4-Butoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-Oxo-4-(4-propyl-phenyl)-butyric acid;

4-Oxo-4-(4-pentyl-phenyl)-butyric acid;

4-(4-Hexyloxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

5-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-5-oxo-pentanoic acid;

6-(3,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

4-Oxo-4-p-tolyl-butyric acid;

6-Oxo-6-phenyl-hexanoic acid;

5-Oxo-5-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-pentanoic acid;

5-Oxo-5-(3-phenoxy-phenyl)-pentanoic acid; and

7-Oxo-7-(3-phenoxy-phenyl)-heptanoic acid;

and salts thereof; and

a biologically active agent selected from human growth hormone, interferon, insulin, heparin, low molecular weight heparin, cromolyn sodium, PYY, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, erythropoietin, or any combination thereof.

4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the biologically active agent comprises insulin.

5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the biologically active agent comprises heparin.

6. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the biologically active agent comprises low molecular weight heparin.

7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the biologically active agent comprises PYY or a PYY agonist.

8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the biologically active agent comprises PYY[3-36].

9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein said biologically active agent comprises parathyroid hormone.

10. A dosage unit form comprising

(A) a pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 ; and

(B) (a) an excipient

(b) a diluent,

(c) a disintegrant,

(d) a lubricant,

(e) a plasticizer,

(f) a colorant,

(g) a dosing vehicle, or

(h) any combination thereof.

11. A method for administering a biologically active agent selected from human growth hormone, interferon, heparin, low molecular weight heparin, cromolyn sodium, PYY, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, erythropoietin, and combinations thereof to an animal in need of the biologically active agent, the method comprising administering orally to the animal a pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 .

12. A method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition, said method comprising mixing:

(A) at least one biologically active agent selected from human growth hormone, interferon, heparin, low molecular weight heparin, cromolyn sodium, PYY, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, erythropoietin, and combinations thereof; and

(B) at least one compound of the formula:

or a salt thereof, wherein

n is an integer from 1 to 9,

R 2 to R 4 are independently hydrogen, C 1 to C 6 alkyl, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, C 2 to C 6 alkenyl, halogen, hydroxyl, or —O—C 6 H 5 , and

R 1 and R 5 are independently hydrogen, C 1 to C 6 alkoxy, C 2 to C 6 alkenyl, halogen, or —O—C 6 H 5 ,

or a salt thereof.

13. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the delivery agent is selected from:

4-Oxo-4-phenyl-butyric acid;

10-(4-Hydroxy-phenyl)-10-oxodecanoic acid;

4-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

5-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-5-oxo-pentanoic acid;

4-(3,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

5-Oxo-5-phenyl-pentanoic acid;

5-(4-Isopropyl-phenyl)-5-oxo-pentanoic acid;

4-(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

6-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

6-(3,4-Dimethyl-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

4-(3,4-Dimethyl-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

6-(2,5-Dichloro-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

4-(2,5-Dichloro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

8-Oxo-8-phenyl-octanoic acid;

6-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

7-Oxo-7-phenyl-heptanoic acid;

4-(4-Ethyl-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(4-Butoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-Oxo-4-(4-propyl-phenyl)-butyric acid;

4-Oxo-4-(4-pentyl-phenyl)-butyric acid;

4-(4-Hexyloxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

4-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid;

5-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-5-oxo-pentanoic acid;

6-(3,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-6-oxo-hexanoic acid;

4-Oxo-4-p-tolyl-butyric acid;

6-Oxo-6-phenyl-hexanoic acid;

5-Oxo-5-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-pentanoic acid;

5-Oxo-5-(3-phenoxy-phenyl)-pentanoic acid; and

7-Oxo-7-(3-phenoxy-phenyl)-heptanoic acid;

and salts thereof.