Method of Preparing Creatine Ester Salts and Uses Thereof
This invention discloses the method of preparation of creatine ester-salts. Creatine is an extremely popular ergogenic aid, and is found most often in the form of creatine monohydrate. Creatine monohydrate is poorly soluble in water however and while esters gain solubility, there functionality is greatly decreased. The material can be administered in a variety of ways including capsules, tablets, powdered beverages, bars, gels, liquids, liposomes or drinks.
1 - 10 . (canceled)
11 . A dietary supplement comprising:
a creatine ester salt including 1 to 6 creatine ester moieties and an organic acid moiety;
each creatine ester moiety including an ester group containing 1 to 35 carbon atoms; and
the organic acid moiety containing 1 to 6 carboxylic acid groups.
12 . The dietary supplement according to claim 11 , wherein the ester group comprises a straight structure or a branched structure.
13 . The dietary supplement according to claim 11 , wherein the ester group comprises a saturated structure or an unsaturated structure.
14 . The dietary supplement according to claim 11 , wherein the ester group contains 1 to 6 hydroxy radicals.
15 . The dietary supplement according to claim 11 , wherein the ester group comprises a substituent radical selected from the group consisting of a keto radical, a halide radical, an amine radical or a combination thereof.
16 . The dietary supplement according to claim 11 , where in 1 to 6 of the carbon atoms in the ester group are substituted with a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a phosphorous atom or a combination thereof.
17 . The dietary supplement according to claim 11 , wherein the 1 to 6 creatine ester moieties comprise a creatine alkyl ester, a creatine aryl ester or a combination thereof.
18 . The dietary supplement according to claim 11 , wherein the 1 to 6 creatine ester moieties comprise a creatine ester selected from the group consisting of creatine methyl ester, creatine ethyl ester, creatine propyl ester, creatine isopropyl ester, creatine butyl ester, creatine isobutyl ester, creatine tert-butyl ester, creatine gylceryl ester, creatine benzyl ester and combinations thereof.
19 . The dietary supplement according to claim 11 wherein the organic acid moiety is selected from the group consisting of malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, pyruvic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, alpha-ketoglutaric acid and ascorbic acid.
20 . A method for preparing the dietary supplement according to claim 11 , comprising:
reacting a creatine ester compound with an organic acid to obtain the creatine ester salt; and
recovering the creatine ester salt.
21 . The method according to claim 20 , further comprising:
dispersing the creatine ester compound and the organic acid in a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, alcohol or a combination thereof;
agitating the creatine ester compound/organic acid dispersion for up to about 10 hours;
removing a portion of the solvent to prepare a concentrated solution;
cooling the concentrated solution to precipitate the creatine ester salt; and
filtering the cooled solution to collect the precipitate.
22 . A dietary supplement formulation comprising:
a creatine ethyl ester salt including 1 to 6 creatine ethyl ester moieties and an organic acid moiety;
wherein the organic acid moiety contains 1 to 6 carboxylic acid groups.
23 . The dietary supplement formulation according to claim 22 , wherein the organic acid moiety is selected from the group consisting malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, pyruvic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, alpha-ketoglutaric acid and ascorbic acid.
24 . The dietary supplement formulation according to claim 22 , wherein the creatine ethyl ester salt comprises dicreatine ethyl ester malate.
25 . The dietary supplement formulation according to claim 22 , wherein the supplement comprises about 1.5 grams to about 5.0 grams of the creatine ethyl ester salt.
26 . The dietary supplement formulation according to claim 22 , further comprising an insulin potentiating agent selected from the group consisting of pinitol, alpha-lipoic acid, 4-hydroxyisoleucine, taurine, arginine and combinations thereof.
27 . A method for supplementing a diet, comprising:
administering to a mammal the dietary supplement formulation according to claim 22 ;
wherein the dietary supplement provides about 10 mg to about 20,000 mg of the creatine ethyl ester salt.
28 . A dietary supplement composition comprising:
a creatine ethyl ester salt including 1 to 6 creatine ethyl ester moieties and an organic acid moiety;
at least one insulin potentiating agent selected from the group consisting of pinitol, alpha-lipoic acid, 4-hydroxyisoleucine, taurine, arginine and combinations thereof; and
a phosphate compound.
29 . The dietary supplement composition according to claim 28 , wherein the creatine ethyl ester salt is selected from the group consisting of dicreatine ethyl ester malate, creatine ethyl ester ascorbate, creatine ethyl ester pyruvate, tricreatine ethyl ester citrate and combinations thereof.
30 . The dietary supplement composition according to claim 28 , wherein the composition is prepared as a tablet, a capsule, a powdered beverage mix, a bar, a liquid, a liposome or a beverage.