Interleaver apparatus and method
View Patent ↗One embodiment of the invention relates to a method of data processing. In the method, an initial data stream is received. A series of bytes having a total byte length is selected from the initial data stream, the series of bytes having a span in the initial data stream that is greater than the total byte length. At least one redundancy byte is calculated based on the series of bytes. An output data stream is transmitted over a transmission medium, where the output data stream includes the initial data stream with the at least one redundancy byte therein, and where consecutive bytes in the output data stream have an order that corresponds to an order of consecutive bytes in the initial data stream. Other devices and methods are also described.
1. A network device, comprising:
a network interface configured to receive an initial data stream;
an interleaving redundancy encoder configured to select a series of bytes having a total byte length from the initial data stream, the series of bytes having a span in the initial data stream that is greater than the total byte length, and further configured to calculate at least one redundancy byte based on the series of bytes, where the series of bytes and the at least one redundancy byte are associated with a virtual codeword.
2. The network device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit an output data stream over a transmission medium, where the output data stream includes the initial data stream with the at least one redundancy byte inserted therein and where consecutive bytes in the output data stream have an order that corresponds to an order of consecutive bytes in the initial data stream.
3. The network device of claim 2 , where the initial data stream passes from the network interface to the transmitter with approximately zero effective delay.
4. The network device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit an output data stream as a series of symbols over the transmission medium, where a symbol is framed to correspond to the size of the virtual codeword.
5. The network device of claim 4 , where the output data stream includes the initial data stream with the at least one redundancy byte included therein and where consecutive bytes in the output data stream have an order that corresponds to an order of consecutive bytes in the initial data stream.
6. The network device of claim 1 , where the network device is a DSL modem.
7. A network device adapted to facilitate transmission of data over a transmission medium, comprising:
a network interface configured to receive an initial data stream;
a pre-interleaver configured to select a series of equally spaced, non-consecutive bytes from the initial data stream or a modified data stream; and
a redundancy encoder configured to calculate at least one redundancy byte based on the series of bytes, where the series of bytes and the at least one redundancy byte are associated with a virtual codeword.
8. The network device of claim 7 , further comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit an output data stream over the transmission medium, where consecutive bytes in the output data stream have an order that corresponds to an order of consecutive bytes in the initial data stream.
9. The network device of claim 8 , where payload data of the initial data stream passes from the network interface to the transmitter with approximately zero effective delay.
10. The network device of claim 7 , further comprising:
an interleaver configured to re-order the modified data stream to form an output data stream for transmission over a transmission medium, where consecutive bytes in the output data stream have an order that corresponds to an order of consecutive bytes in the initial data stream.
11. The network device of claim 7 , further comprising:
a controller for selectively inserting at least one delay unit into the initial data stream to form the modified data stream.
12. The network device of claim 11 , where the series comprises equally spaced, non-consecutive bytes in the modified data stream.
13. The network device of claim 11 , where the equal spacing is approximately equal to a number of delay elements in the pre-interleaver.
14. A network device adapted to facilitate transmission of data over a transmission medium, comprising:
a pre-interleaver configured to interleave a plurality of data transmission units according to a pre-interleaving algorithm, thereby generating a multi-bit output result;
a redundancy encoder configured to generate one or more redundancy bytes based on the multi-bit output result, and combine the one or more redundancy bytes with the multi-bit output result to form a virtual codeword; and
an interleaver configured to interleave the codeword according to an interleaving algorithm, and output interleaved data for transmission along the transmission medium.
15. The network device of claim 14 , wherein the pre-interleaver is configured to incrementally delay the incoming data bytes according to:
Δ( j )=( D− 1)×( N−j− 1); j= 0, 1, . . . ( N− 1),
wherein Δ(j) comprises the delay associated with the j th byte, D comprises a depth of the pre-interleaver, and N comprises a length of incoming data bytes corresponding to a codeword length.
16. The network device of claim 14 , wherein the pre-interleaver is further configured to receive one or more dummy bytes associated with the one or more redundancy bytes, and wherein the dummy bytes are appended to the data transmission units to form a modified data stream having a length associated with the virtual codeword.
17. The network device of claim 14 , wherein the redundancy encoder is configured to ignore the dummy bytes when generating the one or more redundancy bytes.
18. The network device of claim 17 , wherein the interleaver is configured to interleave the codeword with other codewords by delaying each byte of the codeword according to:
Δ( j )=( D− 1)× j; j= 0, 1, . . . ( N− 1),
wherein Δ(j) comprises the delay associated with the j th byte, D comprises a depth of the pre-interleaver, and N comprises a length of incoming data bytes corresponding to a codeword length.
19. A method of data processing for communication, comprising:
re-structuring an initial data stream to form a modified data stream;
selecting a series of equally spaced, non-consecutive bytes in the modified data stream;
calculating at least one redundancy byte based on the series of bytes;
associating the at least one redundancy byte with the series of bytes to form a virtual codeword; and
inserting the at least one redundancy byte into the modified data stream to form an outgoing data stream, where consecutive bytes in the outgoing data stream have an order that corresponds to an order of consecutive bytes in the initial data stream.
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising:
transmitting the data in the outgoing data stream over a transmission medium.
21. The method of claim 19 , further comprising:
framing the outgoing data stream as a series of symbols, where a symbol is framed to correspond to a size of the virtual codeword.
22. The method of claim 21 , further comprising:
transmitting the series of symbols over a transmission medium.
23. A method of data processing for communication, comprising:
receiving an initial data stream;
selecting a series of bytes having a total byte length from the initial data stream, the series of bytes having a span in the initial data stream that is greater than the total byte length;
calculating at least one redundancy byte based on the series of bytes;
associating the at least one redundancy byte with the series of bytes to form a virtual codeword; and
forming an outgoing data stream that includes the initial data stream with the at least one redundancy byte inserted therein, where consecutive bytes in the outgoing data stream have an order that corresponds to an order of consecutive bytes in the initial data stream.