Polarization-multiplexing optical transmitter polarization-multiplexing optical receiver, polarization-multiplexing optical transceiving system, and controlling method thereof
By using low-frequency signals, an optical transmitting unit modulates one of a wavelength, a transmission timing, and an intensity of light as a carrier wave. A polarization multiplexer synthesizes the output light signals, modulated by the optical transmitting unit, in polarization states orthogonal to each other and generates polarization-multiplexing signals. A polarization splitter splits by extracting two orthogonal polarization components from the polarization-multiplexing signals. The polarization states of the polarization-multiplexing signals are controlled by a polarization controller in an optical receiving unit. A band-pass filter extracts components transmitting through passbands from output signals of the optical receiving unit and outputs an intensity of the components. Based on the intensity output from the filter, a controlling circuit generates feedback control signals for maximizing a ratio of the components of the low-frequency signals and by using the feedback control signals, the polarization controller controls the polarization states of the optical multiplexing signals.
1. A polarization-multiplexing optical receiver comprising:
a polarization controller that controls polarization states of externally received polarization-multiplexing signals;
a polarization splitter that splits, upon respectively extracting, from the polarization-multiplexing signals of which the polarization states are controlled by the polarization controller, a first polarization component and a second polarization component orthogonal to each other;
a first optical receiver that receives the first polarization component split by the polarization splitter, and externally transmits a first input signal detected from the first polarization component, the first optical receiver having a first band-pass filter that changes an intensity of the first polarization component according to a wavelength swinging of the received first polarization component, and a first low-speed photodiode that converts the first polarization component output from the first band-pass filter into first electric signals;
a second optical receiver that receives the second polarization component split by the polarization splitter, and externally transmits a second input signal, differing from the first input signal, detected from the second polarization component, the second optical receiver having a second band-pass filter that changes an intensity of the second polarization component according to a wavelength swinging of the received second polarization component, and a second low-speed photodiode that converts the second polarization component output from the second band-pass filter into second electric signals;
a first detector that extracts a first pilot signal component and a second pilot signal component included in the first electric signals output from the first low-speed photodiode;
a second detector that extracts a first pilot signal component and a second pilot signal component included in the second electric signals output from the second low-speed photodiode; and
a controller that calculates a first ratio of the first pilot signal component and the second pilot signal component included in the first electric signals, calculates a second ratio of the first pilot signal component and the second pilot signal component included in the second electric signals, and controls the polarization controller based on the first ratio calculated and the second ratio calculated, wherein
the first pilot signal is superimposed on the first polarization component and the second pilot signal is superimposed on the second polarization component.
2. The polarization-multiplexing optical receiver according to claim 1 , wherein
an upper limit of a frequency range occupied by the first and second pilot signals is less than or equal to one hundredth of a modulating speed of the first input signal and the second input signal.
3. The polarization-multiplexing optical receiver according to claim 1 , wherein
the first and second detectors include a band-pass filter or a low-pass filter designed such that signals in a frequency range occupied by the first and second pilot signals pass through the band-pass filter or the low-pass filter.
4. A polarization-multiplexing optical transceiving system comprising:
a polarization-multiplexing optical transmitter; and
a polarization-multiplexing optical receiver, wherein
the polarization-multiplexing optical transmitter includes,
a first optical transmitter that outputs, based on a first input signal, a first modulated light,
a second optical transmitter that outputs, based on a second input signal differing from the first input signal, a second modulated light,
a polarization multiplexer that generates, by synthesizing in polarization states orthogonal to each other, the first modulated light output from the first optical transmitter and the second modulated light output from the second optical transmitter, polarization-multiplexing signals, and transmits the polarization-multiplexing signals to the polarization-multiplexing optical receiver,
a signal generator that generates predetermined pilot signals, wherein
at least one of the first optical transmitter and the second optical transmitter modulates a wavelength of a carrier wave light by using the pilot signals generated by the signal generator, and
the polarization-multiplexing optical receiver includes,
a polarization controller that controls polarization states of the polarization-multiplexing signals received from the polarization-multiplexing optical transmitter,
a polarization splitter that splits, upon respectively extracting, from the polarization-multiplexing signals of which the polarization states are controlled by the polarization controller, a first polarization component and a second polarization component orthogonal to each other,
a first optical receiver that receives the first polarization component split by the polarization splitter, and externally transmits a first input signal detected from the first polarization components, the first optical receiver having a first band-pass filter that changes an intensity of the first polarization component according to a wavelength swinging of the received first polarization component, and a first low-speed photodiode that converts the first polarization component output from the first band-pass filter into first electric signals,
a second optical receiver that receives the second polarization component split by the polarization splitter, and externally transmits a second input signal, differing from the first input signal, detected from the second polarization components, the second optical receiver having a second band-pass filter that changes an intensity of the second polarization component according to a wavelength swinging of the received second polarization component, and a second low-speed photodiode that converts the second polarization component output from the second band-pass filter into second electric signals,
a first detector that extracts a first pilot signal component and a second pilot signal component included in the first electric signals output from the first low-speed photodiode,
a second detector that extracts a first pilot signal component and a second pilot signal component included in the second electric signals output from the second low-speed photodiode, and
a controller that calculates a first ratio of the first pilot signal component and the second pilot signal component included in the first electric signals, calculates a second ratio of the first pilot signal component and the second pilot signal component included in the second electric signals, and controls the polarization controller based on the first ratio calculated and the second ratio calculated, wherein
the first pilot signal is superimposed on the first polarization component and the second pilot signal is superimposed on the second polarization component.
5. The polarization-multiplexing optical transceiving system according to claim 4 , wherein
an upper limit of a frequency range occupied by the first and second pilot signals is less than or equal to one hundredth of a modulating speed of the first input signal and the second input signal.
6. The polarization-multiplexing optical transceiving system according to claim 4 further comprising:
an optical source that outputs a carrier wave light; and
an optical splitter that branches the carrier wave light to the first and second optical transmitters.
7. The polarization-multiplexing optical transceiving system according to claim 4 , wherein
the first and second detectors include a band-pass filter or a low-pass filter designed such that signals in a frequency range occupied by the first and second pilot signals pass through the band-pass filter or the low-pass filter.
8. The polarization-multiplexing optical transceiving system according to claim 4 , wherein
at least one of the first optical transmitter and the second optical transmitter modulates the wavelength of the carrier wave light in the frequency modulation by using the pilot signals generated by the signal generator.
9. A method for controlling a polarization-multiplexing optical transceiving system including a polarization-multiplexing optical transmitter and a polarization-multiplexing optical receiver, comprising:
in the polarization-multiplexing optical transmitter,
transmitting a first modulated light based on a first input signal,
transmitting a second modulated light based on a second input signal differing from the first input signal,
generating, by synthesizing in polarization states orthogonal to each other, the first modulated light and the second modulated light, polarization-multiplexing signals, and transmitting the polarization-multiplexing signals to the polarization-multiplexing optical receiver, and
generating predetermined pilot signals, wherein
at one of the transmitting the first modulated light and the transmitting the second modulated light, further modulating a wavelength of a carrier wave light by using the pilot signals, and
in the polarization-multiplexing optical receiver,
controlling polarization states of the polarization-multiplexing signals received from the polarization-multiplexing optical transmitter,
splitting, upon respectively extracting, from the polarization-multiplexing signals of which the polarization states are controlled at the controlling the polarization, a first polarization component and a second polarization component orthogonal to each other,
receiving the first polarization component, and externally transmitting a first input signal detected from the first polarization components,
receiving the second polarization component, and externally transmitting a second input signal, differing from the first input signal, detected from the second polarization components,
changing an intensity of the first polarization component according to a wavelength swinging of the received first polarization component,
changing an intensity of the second polarization component according to a wavelength swinging of the received second polarization component,
converting the first polarization component output into first electric signals,
converting the second polarization component output into second electric signals;
extracting a first pilot signal component and a second pilot signal component included in the first electric signals output,
extracting a first pilot signal component and a second pilot signal component included in the second electric signals output,
calculating a first ratio of the first pilot signal component and the second pilot signal component included in the first electric signals, and
calculating a second ratio of the first pilot signal component and the second pilot signal component included in the second electric signals, wherein
the controlling includes controlling the polarization states of the polarization-multiplexing signals based on the first ratio calculated and the second ratio calculated, and
the first pilot signal is superimposed on the first polarization component and the second pilot signal is superimposed on the second polarization component.
10. The method for controlling a polarization-multiplexing optical transceiving system according to claim 9 , wherein
an upper limit of a frequency range occupied by the first and second pilot signals is less than or equal to one hundredth of a modulating speed of the first input signal and the second input signal.
11. The method for controlling a polarization-multiplexing optical transceiving system according to claim 9 further comprising:
outputting a carrier wave light; and
branching the carrier wave light, wherein
using the branched light as the carrier wave when performing the receiving the first polarization component and the receiving the second polarization component.
12. The method for controlling a polarization-multiplexing optical transceiving system according to claim 9 further comprising providing a band-pass filter or a low-pass filter designed such that signals in a frequency range occupied by the first and second pilot signals pass through the band-pass filter or the low-pass filter.