Pulpstone for long fiber pulp production
View Patent ↗Pulp production techniques are disclosed. In one embodiment, pulpstone segments are provided, that include proppant grits in the place of some or all of the conventional abrasive typically used in pulpstone applications. The proppant or proppant-abrasive mixture can be combined into a three-dimensional matrix supported by a vitrified bond. Alternative embodiments use proppant grits in an organic bond or a metal bond or a cement bond (each of which may also include abrasive grits in addition to proppant grits). The proportion of proppant grits to abrasive grits can be varied to produce pulp of varying fiber length distribution as required by the end-user (e.g., paper mill). The greater the proppant concentration, the less cutting of the fibers by the conventional abrasive will occur, producing a greater percentage content of longer fibers. Such pulp produces higher quality paper.
1. A pulpstone segment comprising proppant grits in a bond material.
2. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 wherein the proppant grits have a relative density of less than 98%.
3. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 wherein the proppant grits have a sphericity of 0.7 or higher and a relative density of less than 95%, wherein sphericity is measured per the Krumbein & Sloss scale.
4. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 wherein the proppant grits have a relative density of less than 93%.
5. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 wherein the proppant grits have a sphericity of 0.9 or higher, wherein sphericity is measured per the Krumbein & Sloss scale.
6. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 further comprising abrasive grits.
7. The pulpstone segment of claim 6 wherein the abrasive grits include extruded sol-gel aluminum oxide abrasives having a cylindrical shape and a hardness of at least 16 GPa.
8. The pulpstone segment of claim 6 wherein the abrasive grits have a relative density of 98% or higher and include one or more of alumina, boron carbide, boron nitride, chromia, diamond, silica, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, titania, tungsten carbide, tungsten nitride, and mixtures thereof.
9. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 wherein the bond material is a vitrified bond that matures at 1100° C. or less.
10. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 wherein the bond material is one of a cement bond or a metal bond.
11. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 wherein the proppant grits and bond material form a single layer.
12. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 wherein the pulpstone segment is part of a monolithic pulpstone.
13. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 further comprising a core upon which the segment is operatively coupled.
14. The pulpstone segment of claim 13 wherein the core is one of cement or metal, and a plurality of segments are operatively coupled thereto.
15. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 further comprising porosity.
16. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 wherein the bond material is an inorganic glassy bond that matures at a temperature at 1220° C. or less, and the proppant grits are sintered bauxite or aluminosilicate proppant grits having a sphericity of 0.9 as measured per the Krumbein & Sloss and a relative density of 98% or less.
17. A pulpstone repair material comprising proppant grits in a bond material, wherein the proppant grits have a relative density of less than 98%.
18. The pulpstone repair material of claim 17 wherein the bond material comprises epoxy resin mixed with the proppant grits, and a hardner, wherein the epoxy resin mixed with proppant grits is combined with the hardner to carry out a pulpstone repair.
19. A pulpstone comprising:
a bond material; and
proppant grits in the bond material, and having a relative density of less than 98% and a sphericity of 0.7 or higher, wherein sphericity is measured per the Krumbein & Sloss scale; and
abrasive grits having a relative density of 98% or higher.
20. The pulpstone of claim 19 wherein the proppant grits have a relative density of less than 93%.
21. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 wherein the pulpstone segment does not include abrasive grits other than proppant grits.
22. The pulpstone segment of claim 1 wherein a grinding portion of the pulpstone segment comprises 44 to 54 volume percent abrasive grits and/or proppant grits, of which the proppant grits portion comprises at least 10 volume percent and up to 100 volume percent, 8 to 30 volume percent of vitrified or ceramic bond and 5 to 48 volume percent porosity.
23. A pulpstone for mechanical defibration of wood comprising a pulpstone surface or segment fastened or bonded to a core, the pulpstone surface or segment including proppant grits in a bond material.
24. A pulpstone for mechanical defibration of wood, wherein the pulpstone is monolithic and comprises proppant grits in a bond material, said proppant grits and bond material being bonded to a core.