Air-permeable composite fabric
View Patent ↗An air-permeable composite fabric is provided. The composite fabric has an inner fabric layer, an outer fabric layer, and an intermediate vapor barrier. The vapor barrier is selected from adhesive material and an adhesive/membrane combination designed so the composite fabric has a level of air permeability to allow air flow between the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer and a variable level of water vapor diffusion resistance that decreases as air speed impinging on the composite fabric increases.
1. A method of forming an air-permeable composite fabric, said method comprising the steps of:
providing a first fabric layer;
providing a second fabric layer;
providing an adhesive layer comprising a continuous unfoamed film of polyurethane in an amount of about 0.25 oz/yd 2 between the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer; and
calendering together the first fabric layer, the second fabric layer and the adhesive layer to provide the air-permeable composite fabric, wherein the calendering step comprises passing the first fabric layer, the second fabric layer and the adhesive layer through a plurality of rollers at a temperature, a pressure and a speed selected to enhance an air permeability of the adhesive layer and provide the fabric with a predetermined air permeability and a resistance to vapor permeability that decreases with increasing air flow, and no pressure applied during the calendering step is lower than 10 lbs/in 2 or higher than 150 lbs/in 2 .
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive layer consists of the continuous film of polyurethane.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive layer is provided between the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer by transfer coating.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the rollers is heated to a temperature of 100° F. to 375° F.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the pressure applied during the calendering step consists of pressure applied by the rollers to the first fabric layer, the second fabric layer and the adhesive layer.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pressure applied during the calendering step consists of pressure applied by the rollers to the first fabric layer, the second fabric layer and the adhesive layer.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined air permeability is from 5 to 210 cfm/ft 2 .
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined air permeability is from 20 to 40 cfm/ft 2 .
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined air permeability is provided without stretching the air-permeable composite fabric.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive layer is provided in an amount of 0.25 oz/yd 2 .
11. A method of forming an air-permeable composite fabric, said method comprising the steps of:
providing a first fabric layer;
providing a second fabric layer;
providing an adhesive layer comprising a continuous, unfoamed film of polyurethane in an amount of about 0.25 oz/yd 2 between the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer; and
calendering together the first fabric layer, the second fabric layer and the adhesive layer to provide the air-permeable composite fabric, wherein the calendering step is conducted at a temperature from 100° F. to 375° F. and at a pressure not lower than 10 lbs/in 2 and not higher than 150 lbs/in 2 to enhance an air permeability of the adhesive layer and provide the air-permeable composite fabric with a resistance to vapor permeability that decreases with increasing air flow and an air permeability in a range of 5-210 cfm/ft 2 without stretching the air-permeable composite fabric.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the adhesive layer is provided in an amount of 0.25 oz/yd 2 .
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the adhesive layer consists of the continuous film of polyurethane.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the adhesive layer is provided between the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer by transfer coating.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the air permeability is from 20 to 40 cfm/ft 2 .