Fluoropolymer wire insulation
FEP compositions are provided that provide foam insulation in coaxial cable that surpasses the return loss obtained when PFA is used to make the foamed insulation, one composition comprising a blend of tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymers, one of said copolymers exhibiting a strip force of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N) and another of said copolymers exhibiting a strip force no greater than about 2.5 lbf (11.1 N), said blend exhibiting a strip force of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N), each said strip force being the force necessary to break adhesion between conductor and said one of said copolymers, said another of said copolymers, and said blend, respectively, and another composition comprising tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer having an MFR of no greater than about 16 g/10 min and containing —CF 3 end groups and an effective amount of wire affinity end groups to exhibit a strip force of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N), said strip force being the force necessary to break adhesion between conductor and said copolymer, the coaxial cable exhibiting an average return loss of no greater than about −26 dB at 800 MHz to 3 GHz and having a void content of about 20 to 65% and (b) forming an outer conductor over said foamed insulation.
1. Coaxial cable comprising a central conductor, a foamed insulation on said central conductor, and an outer conductor over said foamed insulation, said foamed insulation having a void content of about 20 to 65% and an average return loss of no greater than about −26 dB at 800 MHz to 3 GHz, said foamed insulation comprising tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer exhibiting a strip force with respect to said central conductor of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N).
2. The coaxial cable of claim 1 wherein said void content is about 45 to 60%.
3. The coaxial cable of claim 1 wherein the thickness of said foamed insulation is at least about 0.020 in (0.5 mm).
4. Composition comprising a blend of tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymers, one of said copolymers exhibiting a strip force of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N) and another of said copolymers exhibiting a strip force no greater than about 2.5 lbf (11.1 N), said blend exhibiting a strip force of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N), each said strip force being the force necessary to break adhesion between conductor and said one of said copolymers, said another of said copolymers, and said blend, respectively.
5. The composition of claim 4 wherein said copolymer having said strip force of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N) has an MFR of at least about 16 g/10 min and said copolymer having said strip force of no greater than about 2.5 lbf (11.1 N) has an MFR of no greater than about 10 g/10 min.
6. The composition of claim 4 wherein said copolymer having said strip force of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N) has wire affinity end groups and stable end groups.
7. The composition of claim 6 wherein said stable end groups are —CF 2 H or —CF 3 .
8. The composition of claim 6 wherein said wire affinity end groups constitute about 30 to 120 of such end groups per 10 6 carbon atoms.
9. The composition of claim 4 comprising about 30-70 wt % of each said copolymers based on their combined weight to total 100 wt %.
10. The composition of claim 4 wherein one of said one and another copolymers contains —CF 2 H end groups and the other of said one and another copolymers contains —CF 3 end groups.
11. The composition of claim 4 comprising foam cell nucleating agent, whereby said composition is foamable.
12. The composition of claim 4 as a foamed insulation in coaxial cable exhibiting an average return loss of no greater than about −26 dB at 800 MHz to 3 GHz.
13. Composition comprising tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer having an MFR of no greater than about 16 g/10 min and containing —CF 3 end groups and an effective amount of wire affinity end groups to exhibit a strip force of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N), said strip force being the force necessary to break adhesion between conductor and said copolymer.
14. The composition of claim 13 wherein the number of said —CF 3 end groups is at least two times the number of said wire affinity end groups, and at least 20 of said wire affinity end groups being present per 10 6 carbon atoms.
15. The composition of claim 13 comprising foam cell nucleating agent, whereby said composition is foamable.
16. The composition of claim 13 wherein the number of said wire affinity end groups present causes said copolymer to exhibit a dissipation factor of at least about 0.0001 greater than when said —CF 3 end groups constitute substantially all of the end groups of said copolymer.
17. The composition of claim 13 wherein said copolymer contains about 30 to 120 of said wire affinity end groups per 10 6 carbon atoms.
18. Process for making coaxial cable, comprising (a) forming a foamed insulation on a central conductor by extrusion foaming on said conductor a composition comprising a foam cell nucleating agent and either (i) composition comprising a blend of tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymers, one of said copolymers exhibiting a strip force of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N) and another of said copolymers exhibiting a strip force no greater than about 2.5 lbf (11.1 N), said blend exhibiting a strip force of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N), each said strip force being the force necessary to break adhesion between conductor and said one of said copolymers, said another of said copolymers, and said blend, respectively, or, (ii) composition comprising tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer having an MFR of no greater than about 16 g/10 min and containing —CF 3 end groups and an effective amount of wire affinity end groups to exhibit a strip force of at least about 3 lbf (13.3 N), said strip force being the force necessary to break adhesion between conductor and said copolymer, said coaxial cable exhibiting an average return loss of no greater than about −26 dB at 800 MHz to 3 GHz and having a void content of about 20 to 65% and (b) forming an outer conductor over said foamed insulation.
19. The process of claim 18 wherein during said extrusion foaming on said central conductor, said central conductor is heated to a temperature of no greater than about 200° F. (93° C.).