METHOD FOR INHIBITING THE FORMATION AND DEPOSITION OF SILICA SCALE IN AQUEOUS SYSTEMS
A method for inhibiting the formation and deposition of silica and silicate compounds in water systems comprising adding to the water in the water system an effective inhibiting amount of one or more water-soluble polymers of formula wherein M is a repeating unit obtained after polymerization of one or more monomers comprising a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond; r is 0 to about 5 mole percent, s is 100 to about 95 mole percent; R 1 is H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; R 2 is a group of formula —(CH 2 —CHR 3 —O) n —; R 3 is H or CH 3 , or a mixture thereof; and n is 2 to about 25.
1 . A method for inhibiting the formation and deposition of silica and silicate compounds in water systems comprising adding to the water in the water system an effective inhibiting amount of one or more water-soluble polymers of formula
wherein M is a repeating unit obtained after polymerization of one or more monomers comprising a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond; r is 0 to about 5 mole percent, s is 100 to about 95 mole percent; R 1 is H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; R 2 is a group of formula —(CH 2 —CHR 3 —O)—; R 3 is H or CH 3 , or a mixture thereof; and n is 2 to about 25.
2 . The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 20,000 to about 80,000.
3 . The method of claim 2 wherein the monomers comprising a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond are selected from (meth)acrylic acid and its salts, (meth)acrylamide, N-methyl acrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N-isopropyl acrylamide, N-t-butyl acrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate and its salts, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, isopropenyl phosphonic acid, vinyl phosphonic acid, vinylidene diphosphonic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and its salts.
4 . The method of claim 3 wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000 to about 50,000.
5 . The method of claim 3 wherein the polymer has formula
wherein r is 0 to about 5 mole percent s is 100 to about 95 mole percent; R 1 and R 4 are independently H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; R 2 is a group of formula —(CH 2 —CHR 3 —O) n —; R 3 is H or CH 3 , or a mixture thereof; M is H or a water soluble cation; and n is 2 to about 25.
6 . The method of claim 5 wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 10,000 to about 30,000.
7 . The method of claim 5 wherein R 3 is H.
8 . The method of claim 7 wherein r is 0 and s is 100 mole percent.
9 . The method of claim 8 wherein R 1 is CH 3 .
10 . The method of claim 7 wherein r is about 2 mole percent and s is about 98 mole percent.
11 . The method of claim 10 wherein R 1 is CH 3 and R 4 is H.
12 . The method of claim 1 wherein the water system is selected from cooling water systems, geothermal water systems, salt water desalinization systems, boiler water systems, downhole water systems for petroleum crude recovery, pulp and paper mill water systems and mining and mineral processing water systems.
13 . The method of claim 1 wherein the water system is a cooling water system.
14 . The method of claim 1 further comprising adding one or more corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors or dispersants to the water system.
15 . The method of claim 14 wherein the scale inhibitors or dispersants are selected from inorganic and organic polyphosphates, phosphonates and polycarboxylates.