Low structure carbon black and method of making same
A carbon black having an I 2 number from 30 mg/g to 200 mg/g and a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 40 cc/100 g.
1. A carbon black having an I 2 number from 30 to 200 mg/g, a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 40 cc/100 g, an M-ratio of from 1 to 1.23 and a total concentration of Group IA and IIA elements, in μg/g, of at most y+(15*I 2 number), wherein y is 250.
2. The carbon black of claim 1 , wherein the carbon black is characterized by at least one of the following:
the carbon black has an M-ratio from 1 to less than 1.22,
the carbon black has a pH from 6 to 10,
the carbon black has a water spreading pressure of at most 6 mJ/m 2 , or
the carbon black has a tint obeying the equation tint=x+0.44*I 2 number, where x is from 45 to 90.
3. The carbon black of claim 1 , wherein the carbon black is an oxidized carbon black, a heat treated carbon black, or a modified carbon black comprising an attached organic group.
4. A carbon black having an I 2 number from 30 to 200 mg/g, a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 40 cc/100 g, and an M-ratio from 1.00 to less than 1.23.
5. The carbon black of claim 4 , wherein the carbon black is characterized by at least one of the following:
the carbon black has a pH from 6 to 10,
the carbon black has a total concentration of Group IA and IIA elements, in μg/g, of at most y+(15*I 2 number), wherein y is 250,
the carbon black has a water spreading pressure of at most 6 mJ/m 2 , or
the carbon black has a tint obeying the equation tint=x+0.44*I 2 number, where x is from 45 to 90.
6. The carbon black of claim 4 , wherein the carbon black is an oxidized carbon black, a heat treated carbon black, or a modified carbon black comprising an attached organic group.
7. A carbon black having an I 2 number from 30 to 200 mg/g, a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 40 cc/100 g, a water spreading pressure of at most 6 mJ/m 2 , and an M-ratio from 1.00 to less than 1.23.
8. The carbon black of claim 7 , wherein the carbon black is characterized by at least one of the following:
the carbon black has a pH from 6 to 10,
the carbon black has a total concentration of Group IA and IIA elements, in μg/g, of at most y+(15*I 2 number), wherein y is 250, or
the carbon black has a tint obeying the equation tint=x+0.44*I 2 number, where x is from 45 to 90.
9. The carbon black of claim 7 , wherein the carbon black is an oxidized carbon black, a heat treated carbon black, or a modified carbon black comprising an attached organic group.
10. A carbon black having an I 2 number from 70 to 200 mg/g, a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 39 cc/100 g, and a water spreading pressure of at most 6 mJ/m 2 .
11. The carbon black of claim 10 , wherein the carbon black is characterized by at least one of the following:
the carbon black has an M-ratio from 1 to less than 1.25,
the carbon black has a pH from 6 to 10,
the carbon black has a total concentration of Group IA and IIA elements, in μg/g, of at most y+(15*I 2 number), wherein y is 250, or
the carbon black has a tint obeying the equation tint=x+0.44*I 2 number, where x is from 45 to 90.
12. The carbon black of claim 10 , wherein the carbon black is an oxidized carbon black, a heat treated carbon black, or a modified carbon black comprising an attached organic group.
13. A process for producing a carbon black product having an M-ratio of from 1 to 1.23 and having an iodine number from 30 mg/g to 200 mg/g and a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 40 cc/100 g, comprising:
forming a stream of combustion gases by reacting a preheated air stream with a fuel;
introducing feedstock into the stream of combustion gases at a predetermined number of points in an axial plane to form an effluent and start pyrolysis of the feedstock in the effluent;
introducing an auxiliary hydrocarbon into the stream of combustion gases at the predetermined number of points in an axial plane, wherein the points of injection of the feedstock and the auxiliary hydrocarbon alternate in the axial plane;
additionally introducing into the stream of combustion gases at least one substance containing at least one Group IA or Group IIA element or a combination thereof; and
quenching the pyrolysis using water that has been subjected to reverse osmosis treatment,
wherein the total of Group IA and IIA elements, in μg/g, in the carbon black product is at most y+15*I 2 number, wherein y is 250.
14. The process of claim 13 , wherein the overall combustion ratio is at least 26%.
15. The process of claim 13 , wherein the predetermined number is three.
16. The process of claim 13 , wherein the auxiliary hydrocarbon is hydrocarbonaceous and is introduced in an amount such that the carbon content of the auxiliary hydrocarbon is at most about 20% by weight of the total carbon content of all fuel streams injected into the reactor.
17. The process of claim 13 , wherein the auxiliary hydrocarbon is in gaseous form.
18. The process of claim 13 , wherein the carbon black is characterized by at least one of the following:
the carbon black has a pH from 6 to 10,
the carbon black has a water spreading pressure of at most 6 mJ/m 2 , or
the carbon black has a tint obeying the equation tint=x+0.44*I 2 number, where x is from 45 to 90.
19. The process of claim 13 , further comprising modifying a surface chemistry or a microstructure of the carbon black.
20. The process of claim 19 , further comprising modifying the carbon black to attach an organic group, oxidizing the carbon black, or heat treating the carbon black.