Particle with low permeance wall
The invention discloses a population of low permeability microcapsule particles comprising an oil soluble or dispersible core material and a wall material at least partially surrounding the core material. The microcapsule wall material comprises the reaction product of a first composition in the presence of a second composition comprising an anionic emulsifier. The first composition comprises a reaction product of i) an oil soluble or dispersible amine with ii) a multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer or oligomer, an oil soluble acid and an initiator. The anionic emulsifier comprises a water soluble or water dispersible acrylic acid alkyl acid copolymer, an optional initiator and an alkali or alkali salt. The reaction product of the first composition and second composition results in the formation of a low permeability microcapsule wall.
1 . A low permeability microcapsule particle comprising an oil soluble or dispersible core material and a wall material at least partially surrounding the core material, the microcapsule wall material comprising:
the reaction product of a first composition in the presence of a second composition comprising an anionic emulsifier, the first composition comprising a reaction product of i) an oil soluble or dispersible amine with ii) a multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer or oligomer, an oil soluble acid and an initiator,
the anionic emulsifier comprising a water soluble or water dispersible acrylic acid alkyl acid copolymer, an alkali or alkali salt,
whereby the reaction product of the first composition and second composition results in the formation of a low permeability microcapsule wall.
2 . The microcapsule particle according to claim 1 wherein the anionic emulsifier optionally includes a water phase initiator.
3 . The microcapsule according to claim 1 wherein the amine is a secondary or tertiary amine.
4 . The microcapsule according to claim 3 wherein the amine is an amine oligomer.
5 . The microcapsule according to claim 1 wherein the amine is an aminoalkyl acrylate or aminoalkyl methacrylate.
6 . The microcapsule according to claim 5 wherein the amine is selected from diethylaminoethyl methacrylate or tertiary butyl aminoethyl methacrylate or dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate.
7 . The microcapsule according to claim 1 wherein the microcapsule has a percent of free oil of less than 4%.
8 . The microcapsule according to claim 1 wherein the core material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of chromogens, dye, perfume, flavorant, sweetener, oil, pigment, pharmaceutic, moldicide, herbicide, fertilizer, phase change material, and adhesive.
9 . The microcapsule according to claim 1 including in addition a binder and a substrate material onto which the microcapsule is adhered.
10 . A population of low permeability microcapsule particles comprising an oil soluble or dispersible core material and a wall material at least partially surrounding the core material, the microcapsule wall material comprising:
the reaction product of a first composition in the presence of a second composition comprising an anionic emulsifier, the first composition comprising a reaction product of i) an oil soluble or dispersible amine with ii) a multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer or oligomer, an oil soluble acid and an initiator,
the anionic emulsifier comprising a water soluble or water dispersible acrylic acid alkyl acid copolymer, an alkali or alkali salt, and optionally a water phase initiator,
whereby the reaction product of the first composition and second composition results in the formation of a population of microcapsules having a microcapsule wall of low permeance to the core material.
11 . The population of microcapsule particles according to claim 10 wherein the amine is a secondary or tertiary amine.
12 . The population of microcapsule particles according to claim 11 wherein the amine is an amine oligomer.
13 . The population of microcapsule particles according to claim 10 wherein the amine is an aminoalkyl acrylate or aminoalkyl methacrylate.
14 . The population of microcapsule particles according to claim 13 wherein the amine is selected from diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, or tertiarybutyl aminoethyl methacrylate.
15 . The population of microcapsule particles according to claim 10 wherein the microcapsule has a percent of free oil of less than 4%.
16 . The population of microcapsule particles according to claim 10 wherein the core material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of chromogens, dye, perfume, flavorant, sweetener, oil, pigment, pharmaceutic, moldicide, herbicide, fertilizer, phase change material, and adhesive.
17 . The population of microcapsule particles according to claim 10 including in addition a binder and a substrate material onto which the microcapsule is adhered.
18 . A process for forming a microcapsule of selected permeability, the process comprising preparing a core material of an oil and an initiator;
preparing a first composition comprising a reaction product of i) an oil soluble or dispersible amine with ii) a multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer or oligomer, an oil soluble acid and an initiator, and reacting the first composition at a first temperature; adding the core material to the first composition;
preparing a second composition comprising an anionic emulsifier comprising a water soluble or water dispersible acrylic acid alkyl acid copolymer, water and an alkali or alkali salt, adding the second composition to the first composition and stirring to form droplets of the core material dispersed in the first composition; and, applying heat to initiate wall formation around the droplets thereby forming microcapsules.
19 . The process according to claim 18 wherein preparing the first composition comprises the reaction product of an oil soluble or dispersible secondary or tertiary amine.
20 . The process according to claim 18 wherein preparing the first composition comprises preparing the reaction product of an aminoalkyl acrylate, aminoalkyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, or tertiary butyl aminoethyl methacrylate, and an oil soluble acid and an initiator.
21 . The microcapsule according to claim 18 wherein preparing the core material comprises blending a material selected from the group consisting of chromogen, dye, perfume, flavorant, sweetener, oil, pigment, pharmaceutic, moldicide, herbicide, fertilizer, phase change material, or adhesive with an oil.
22 . The process according to claim 18 wherein the first composition is first dispersed in an oil solvent.
23 . The process according to claim 18 wherein the anionic emulsifier optionally includes a water phase initiator.
24 . The process according to claim 18 wherein the microcapsules when coated onto a substrate have a permeability over a 10 minute test period of less than 1.4 mg/in 2 of substrate.