Methods and conduits for flowing blood from a heart chamber to a blood vessel
View Patent ↗Disclosed is a conduit that provides a bypass around an occlusion or stenosis in a coronary artery. The conduit is a tube adapted to be positioned in the heart wall to provide a passage for blood to flow between a heart chamber and a coronary artery, at a site distal to the occlusion or stenosis. The conduit has a section of blood vessel attached to its interior lumen which preferably includes at least one naturally occurring one-way valve positioned therein. The valve prevents the backflow of blood from the coronary artery into the heart chamber.
1. A method of flowing blood from a left ventricle to an arterial blood-containing vessel, the method comprising:
placing a conduit adjacent the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel such that upon implantation of the conduit a first end of the conduit is continuously open towards the left ventricle, a second end of the conduit is continuously open towards and positioned in the arterial blood-containing vessel, and at least a portion of the first open end faces at least a portion of the second open end, wherein the conduit has a substantially lattice structure adjacent each of the first and second ends and extending therebetween; and
during diastole, restricting a flow of blood from the arterial blood-containing vessel to the left ventricle via a valve attached to the conduit within an interior of the conduit between the first and second ends.
2. The method of claim 1 , further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel and placing the conduit within the opening after enlarging the opening.
3. The method of claim 1 , further including inhibiting migration of the conduit via at least one of a hook, a barb, or a collar of the conduit.
4. The method of claim 1 , further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state, and introducing the catheter into an aorta.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the valve is an aortic valve.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the valve is formed from tissue engineering techniques.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the valve is obtained from a nonhuman animal.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first end is a distalmost end of the conduit and the second end is a proximalmost end of the conduit.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein each of the distalmost and the proximalmost ends is expandable.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conduit is a metal conduit.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conduit includes a longitudinal axis that is substantially straight between the first and second ends.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein a section of tissue is further attached within the interior of the conduit adjacent the first end.
14. A method of flowing blood from a left ventricle to an arterial blood-containing vessel, the method comprising:
placing a conduit adjacent the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel such that a first end of the conduit is continuously open towards the left ventricle and a second end of the conduit is continuously open towards and positioned in the arterial blood-containing vessel, wherein the conduit includes a longitudinal axis that is substantially straight between the first and second ends and wherein the conduit includes a substantially lattice structure adjacent each of the first and second ends and extending therebetween; and
during diastole, restricting a flow of blood from the vessel to the left ventricle via a valve attached to the conduit within an interior of the conduit between the first and second ends.
15. The method of claim 14 , further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel and placing the conduit within the opening after enlarging the opening.
16. The method of claim 14 , further including inhibiting migration of the conduit via at least one of a hook, a barb, or a collar of the conduit.
17. The method of claim 14 , further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state, and introducing the catheter into an aorta.
18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the valve is an aortic valve.
19. The method of claim 14 , wherein the valve is formed from tissue engineering techniques.
20. The method of claim 14 , wherein the valve is obtained from a nonhuman animal.
21. The method of claim 14 , wherein the first end is a distalmost end of the conduit and the second end is a proximalmost end of the conduit.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein each of the distalmost and the proximalmost ends is expandable.
23. The method of claim 14 , wherein the first end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.
24. The method of claim 14 , wherein the conduit is a metal conduit.
25. A method of flowing blood from a left ventricle to an arterial blood-containing vessel, the method comprising:
placing a metal conduit adjacent the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel such that a first end of the conduit is continuously open towards the left ventricle, a second end of the conduit is continuously open towards and positioned in the arterial blood-containing vessel, and a substantially straight line intersects at least a portion of the first end and at least a portion of the second end; and
during diastole, restricting a flow of blood from the arterial blood-containing vessel to the left ventricle via a tissue valve attached within an interior of the conduit such that the tissue valve is between the first and second ends, wherein a section of tissue is further attached within the interior of the conduit adjacent the first end.
26. The method of claim 25 , further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel and placing the conduit within the opening after enlarging the opening.
27. The method of claim 25 , further comprising inhibiting migration of the conduit via at least one of a hook, a barb, or a collar of the conduit.
28. The method of claim 25 , further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state, and introducing the catheter into an aorta.
29. The method of claim 25 , wherein the tissue valve is an aortic valve.
30. The method of claim 25 , wherein the tissue valve is not a naturally occurring valve.
31. The method of claim 25 , wherein the tissue valve is formed from tissue engineering techniques.
32. The method of claim 25 , wherein the tissue valve is obtained from a nonhuman animal.
33. The method of claim 25 , wherein the first end is a distalmost end of the conduit and the second end is a proximalmost end of the conduit.
34. The method of claim 33 , wherein each of the distalmost and the proximalmost ends is expandable.
35. The method of claim 25 , wherein the conduit includes a longitudinal axis and the first and second ends intersect the longitudinal axis.
36. The method of claim 25 , wherein the first end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.
37. The method of claim 36 , further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel and placing the conduit within the opening after enlarging the opening.
38. The method of claim 36 , further including inhibiting migration of the conduit via at least one of a hook, a barb, or a collar of the conduit.
39. The method of claim 36 , further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state and introducing the catheter into the aorta.
40. The method of claim 36 , wherein the tissue valve is an aortic valve.
41. The method of claim 36 , wherein the tissue valve is not a naturally occurring valve.
42. The method of claim 36 , wherein the tissue valve is formed from tissue engineering techniques.
43. The method of claim 36 , wherein the tissue valve is obtained from a nonhuman animal.
44. The method of claim 36 , wherein the first end is a distalmost end of the conduit and the second end is a proximalmost end of the conduit.
45. The method of claim 44 , wherein each of the distalmost and the proximalmost ends is expandable.
46. The method of claim 36 , wherein the conduit includes a longitudinal axis and the first and second ends intersect the longitudinal axis.
47. A method of flowing blood from a left ventricle to an arterial blood-containing vessel, the method comprising:
placing a metal conduit adjacent the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel, such that upon implantation of the conduit a first end of the conduit is continuously open towards the left ventricle and the a second end of the conduit is continuously open towards and positioned in the arterial blood-containing vessel, wherein the conduit includes a longitudinal axis that is substantially straight between the first and second ends;
during systolic contraction of the left ventricle, permitting oxygenated blood to flow from the left ventricle to the arterial blood-containing vessel; and
during diastole, restricting a flow of blood from the arterial blood-containing vessel to the left ventricle via a tissue valve attached within an interior of the conduit such that the tissue valve is between the first and second ends, wherein a section of tissue is further attached within the interior of the conduit adjacent the first end.
48. The method of claim 47 , wherein the first end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.