Method for modifying lignin composition and increasing in vivo digestibility of forages
Methods for transforming forage legumes or woody plants with a DNA construct comprising at least one open reading frame encoding for a caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme and a caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme or fragment thereof in either a sense or antisense orientation under a lignification-associated tissue specific promoter have been found, resulting in the down-regulation of the corresponding homologous gene either through antisense inhibition or sense suppression, as well as reduced lignin content and modified lignin composition in the transgenic plants. The expression of the caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase transgene produces an increased syringyl lignin to guaiacyl lignin ratio in the transformed plant, and greatly improved forage digestibility.
1. A method for modulating lignin content of a forage legume cell comprising expressing in the cell a DNA construct comprising a promoter functionally linked to at least one open reading frame encoding for a caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme (CCOMT) or a fragment thereof, and further expressing in said cell a DNA construct comprising at least one open reading frame encoding for a caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme (COMT) or a fragment thereof under expression control of a promoter, wherein expression of the at least one open reading frame encoding for the CCOMT or a fragment thereof reduces expression of the endogenous CCOMT and wherein expression of the at least one open reading frame encoding for the COMT or a fragment thereof reduces expression of the endogenous COMT in said cell.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein guaiacyl lignin content is reduced.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2 , wherein the open reading frame encoding for a caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme or a fragment thereof is in a sense orientation.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2 , wherein the open reading frame encoding for a caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme or a fragment thereof is in an antisense orientation.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the open reading frame encoding for a caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme or a fragment thereof is functionally linked to a bean PAL2 promoter.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the open reading frame encoding for a caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme or a fragment thereof is functionally linked to a bean PAL2 promoter.
7. A forage legume plant transformed with a vector comprising a DNA construct comprising a promoter functionally linked to at least one open reading frame encoding for a caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme (CCOMT) or a fragment thereof; and comprising a DNA construct comprising at least one open reading frame encoding for a caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme (COMT) or a fragment thereof under expression control of a promoter, wherein expression of the at least one open reading frame encoding for the CCOMT or a fragment thereof reduces expression of the endogenous CCOMT and wherein expression of the at least one open reading frame encoding for the COMT or a fragment thereof reduces expression of the endogenous COMT in said forage legume plant.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the open reading frame encoding for a caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme or a fragment thereof is in a sense orientation.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the open reading frame encoding for a caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme or a fragment thereof is in an antisense orientation.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the open reading frame encoding for a caffeic CoA 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme or a fragment thereof is functionally linked to a bean PAL2 promoter.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the open reading frame encoding for a caffeic CoA 3-O-methyltransferase enzyme or a fragment thereof is functionally linked to a bean PAL2 promoter.