Branched polycarbonates and processes for producing the same
View Patent ↗Methods for making a branched polycarbonate are disclosed. An interfacial mixture comprising water, a substantially water-immiscible organic solvent, a dihydroxy compound, a polyhydric branching agent, an endcapping agent, a catalyst, and a base is formed. The base and the branching agent are dissolved in the mixture before the dihydroxy compound is added, and the interfacial mixture has a basic pH. The mixture is reacted by adding a carbonate precursor to the mixture while maintaining the pH between about 8 and about 10 to form the branched polycarbonate. The resulting branched polycarbonates may contain more than 1.5 mole % of the THPE; have residual chloride content of 20 ppm or less; and a weight average molecular weight of about 55,000 or less. They may also be highly transparent.
1. A method for making a branched polycarbonate, comprising:
forming an interfacial mixture comprising water, a substantially water-immiscible organic solvent, a dihydroxy compound, a polyhydric branching agent, an endcapping agent, a catalyst, and a base, wherein the base and the branching agent are dissolved in the mixture before the dihydroxy compound is added to the mixture and wherein the interfacial mixture has a basic pH; and
reacting the mixture by adding a carbonate precursor to the mixture while maintaining the pH between about 8 and about 11 to form the branched polycarbonate, wherein the branched polycarbonate contains 20 ppm or less of residual chloride and contains at least 1.5 mole % of the polyhydric branching agent.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent is methylene chloride or a chlorine-containing aromatic solvent.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the endcapping agent is 4-cyanophenol, p-cumyl phenol, phenol, or 4-t-butylphenol.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is triethylamine.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbonate precursor is phosgene.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbonate precursor is added to the mixture at more than one and less than five addition rates.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyhydric branching agent is selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane, 1,3,5-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzene, tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane, 1,1,2-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene, m-terphenyltriol, trisphenol PA, 1,3,5-tris((4-hydroxyphenyl)isopropyl)benzene, and 1,1,1-tris(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the branched polycarbonate contains at least 3.0 mole % of the polyhydric branching agent.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the branched polycarbonate has a weight average molecular weight of 55,000 or less.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the branched polycarbonate has a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 or more.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the branched polycarbonate has a haze level of 10 percent or less when measured according to ASTM D1003.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the branched polycarbonate has a weight average molecular weight of 33,000 or less and a haze level of 5 percent or less when measured according to ASTM D1003.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising separating the branched polycarbonate from the interfacial mixture.
14. The branched polycarbonate formed by the method of claim 1 .
15. A method for making a branched polycarbonate, comprising:
forming an aqueous caustic solution comprising water, a base and a polyhydric branching agent;
forming an interfacial mixture comprising water, a substantially water-immiscible organic solvent, a dihydroxy compound, the aqueous caustic solution, an endcapping agent, a catalyst, and a base, wherein the dihydroxy compound is added after the aqueous caustic solution is added, and wherein the interfacial mixture has a basic pH; and
reacting the interfacial mixture by adding a carbonate precursor to the mixture while maintaining the pH between about 8 and about 11 to form the branched polycarbonate, wherein the branched polycarbonate contains 20 ppm or less of residual chloride and contains at least 1.5 mole % of the polyhydric branching agent.
16. The branched polycarbonate formed by the method of claim 15 .