Method and system of detecting liquid in an acoustic flow meter

1. A method comprising:

flowing a gaseous substance through a central passage of a meter body;

sending acoustic signals along respective chordal pathways across the central passage, none of the chordal pathways intersect a lower portion of the central passage where liquid, if present during flow of the gaseous substance, accumulates;

calculating a flow velocity of the gaseous substance proximate to each chordal pathway based on transit times of the acoustic signals along the respective chordal pathways; and

determining the presence of a liquid accumulated in the lower portion based on the flow velocity proximate to each chordal pathway, wherein determining further comprises

calculating a parameter indicative of a flow velocity profile of the gaseous substance; and

calculating a standard deviation using the parameter and a plurality of previously calculated versions of the parameter; and

indicating the presence of the liquid when the standard deviation is above a predetermined threshold.

2. A method comprising:

flowing a gaseous substance through a central passage of a meter body;

sending acoustic signals along respective chordal pathways across the central passage, none of the chordal pathways intersect a lower portion of the central passage where liquid, if present during flow of the gaseous substance, accumulates;

calculating a flow velocity of the gaseous substance proximate to each chordal pathway based on transit times of the acoustic signals along the respective chordal pathways; and

determining the presence of a liquid accumulated in the lower portion based on the flow velocity proximate to each chordal pathway, the determining by

calculating a parameter indicative flow velocity of the gaseous substance at non-parallel directions to a central axis of the flow pathway;

calculating a standard deviation using the parameter and a plurality of previously calculated versions of the parameter; and

indicating the presence of the liquid when the standard deviation is above a predetermined threshold.

3. A system comprising:

a meter body that defines a central passage with a radius, the meter body configured to couple to a flow of a gas such that the gas flows through the central passage;

a plurality of transducer pairs mechanically coupled to the meter body, each transducer pair defines a chord across the central passage, each transducer pair configured to propagate and receive acoustic signals along respective chords, and each chord resides above and does not intersect within the central passage a horizontal plane at an elevation of five percent of the radius measured from a lower-most point in the central passage;

a processor electrically coupled to the plurality of transducer pairs;

a memory device electrically coupled to the processor, the memory device stores a program executable by the process;

the program, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to obtain representations of received acoustic signals and to determine a flow velocity of a gas proximate to each chord based on the received acoustic signals; and

the program further causes the processor to determine whether liquid has accumulated at the lower-most point of the central passage based on the flow velocities by causing the processor to

calculate a parameter indicative of a flow velocity profile of the gas in the central passage; and

calculate a standard deviation based on the parameter and a plurality of previously calculated versions of the parameter; and

assert an alarm that indicates the presence of liquid when the standard deviation is above a predetermined threshold.

4. The system of claim 3 wherein when the processor analyzes, the program causes the processor to calculate a magnitude of a difference between the parameter and one or more previously calculated versions of the parameter, and to assert an alarm that indicates the presence of liquid when the magnitude of the difference is above a predetermined threshold.

5. The system of claim 3 wherein when the processor determines whether liquid has accumulated, the program causes the processor to calculate a parameter indicative flow velocity of the gas at non-parallel directions to a central axis of the central passage, and to analyze the parameter in relation to one or more previously calculated versions of the parameter.

6. A system comprising:

a meter body that defines a central passage with a radius, the meter body configured to couple to a flow of a gas such that the gas flows through the central passage;

a plurality of transducer pairs mechanically coupled to the meter body, each transducer pair defines a chord across the central passage, each transducer pair configured to propagate and receive acoustic signals along respective chords, and each chord resides above and does not intersect within the central passage a horizontal plane at an elevation of five percent of the radius measured from a lower-most point in the central passage;

a processor electrically coupled to the plurality of transducer pairs;

a memory device electrically coupled to the processor, the memory device stores a program executable by the process;

the program, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to obtain representations of received acoustic signals and to determine a flow velocity of a gas proximate to each chord based on the received acoustic signals; and

the program further causes the processor to determine whether liquid has accumulated at the lower-most point of the central passage based on the flow velocities, by causing the processor to

calculate a parameter indicative flow velocity of the gas at non-parallel directions to a central axis of the central passage;

calculate a standard deviation based on the parameter and a plurality of previously calculated versions of the parameter; and

indicate the presence of the liquid when the standard deviation is above a predetermined threshold.

7. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to:

obtain representations of acoustic signals propagated along chords in a flow meter;

determine a flow velocity of a gas proximate to each chord based on the representations of the acoustic signals; and

determine whether liquid has accumulated at a lower-most point of a central passage based of the flow meter based on the flow velocities;

wherein when the processor determines whether liquid has accumulated, the program causes the processor to:

calculate a parameter indicative of a flow velocity profile of the gas in the central passage; and

calculate a standard deviation based on the parameter and a plurality of previously calculated versions of the parameter; and

assert an alarm that indicates the presence of liquid when the standard deviation is above a predetermined threshold.

8. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to:

obtain representations of acoustic signals propagated along chords in a flow meter;

determine a flow velocity of a gas proximate to each chord based on the representations of the acoustic signals; and

determine whether liquid has accumulated at a lower-most point of a central passage based of the flow meter based on the flow velocities;

wherein when the processor determines whether liquid has accumulated, the program causes the processor to:

calculate a parameter indicative of a flow velocity profile of the gas in the central passage using substantially the following equation:

Profile

⁢

⁢

Factor

=

V

B

+

V

C

V

A

+

V

D

 where V A is the flow velocity at an upper most chord, V B is the flow velocity at an upper-middle chord, V C is the flow velocity at a lower-middle chord, and V D is the flow velocity at a lower most chord; and

analyze the parameter in relation to one or more previously calculated versions of the parameter.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to:

obtain representations of acoustic signals propagated along chords in a flow meter;

determine a flow velocity of a gas proximate to each chord based on the representations of the acoustic signals; and

determine whether liquid has accumulated at a lower-most point of a central passage based of the flow meter based on the flow velocities;

wherein when the processor determines whether liquid has accumulated, the program causes the processor to:

calculate a parameter indicative of a flow velocity profile of the gas in the central passage using substantially the following equation:

Asymmetry

=

V

A

+

V

B

V

C

+

V

D

 where V A is the flow velocity at an upper most chord, V B is the flow velocity at an upper middle chord, V C is the flow velocity at a lower middle chord, and V D is the flow velocity at a lower most chord; and

analyze the parameter in relation to one or more previously calculated versions of the parameter.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to:

obtain representations of acoustic signals propagated along chords in a flow meter;

determine a flow velocity of a gas proximate to each chord based on the representations of the acoustic signals; and

determine whether liquid has accumulated at a lower-most point of a central passage based of the flow meter based on the flow velocities;

wherein when the processor determines whether liquid has accumulated, the program causes the processor to

calculate a parameter indicative flow velocity of the gas at non-parallel directions to a central axis of the central passage; and

calculate a standard deviation based on the parameter and a plurality of previously calculated versions of the parameter; and

indicate the presence of the liquid when the standard deviation is above a predetermined threshold.

11. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to:

obtain representations of acoustic signals propagated along chords in a flow meter;

determine a flow velocity of a gas proximate to each chord based on the representations of the acoustic signals; and

determine whether liquid has accumulated at a lower-most point of a central passage based of the flow meter based on the flow velocities;

wherein when the processor determines whether liquid has accumulated, the program causes the processor to

calculate a parameter indicative flow velocity of the gas at non-parallel directions to a central axis of the central passage using substantially the following equation:

Cross

⁢

⁢

Flow

=

V

A

+

V

C

V

B

+

V

D

 where V A is the flow velocity at an upper most chordal pathway, V B is the flow velocity at an upper middle chordal pathway, V C is the flow velocity at a lower middle chordal pathway, and V D is the flow velocity at a lower most chordal pathway; and

analyze the parameter in relation to one or more previously calculated versions of the parameter.