Zinc Containing Glasses And Enamels
This invention relates to lead free, cadmium free, bismuth free low melting high durability glass and enamel compositions. The compositions comprise silica, zinc, titanium, and boron oxide based glass frits. The resulting compositions can be used to decorate and protect automotive, beverage, architectural, pharmaceutical and other glass substrates.
1 . An enamel composition comprising, prior to firing:
a. 38-60 wt % SiO 2 ,
b. 5.1-22.9 wt % B 2 O 3 ,
c. 8.1-18 wt % TiO 2 ,
d. 0.1-14.9 wt % ZnO,
e. 0.1-4.5 wt % Li 2 O
f. 0.1-18 wt % K 2 O, and
g. 1-7 wt % F.
2 . The enamel composition of claim 1 , further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of:
a. 0.1-1.9 wt % Al 2 O 3 ,
b. 0.1-4 wt % ZrO 2 , and
c. 0.1-13 wt % Na 2 O.
3 . The enamel composition of claim 1 , comprising:
a. 41-51 wt % SiO 2 ,
b. 6-17 wt % B 2 O 3 ,
c. 8.5-13 wt % TiO 2 ,
d. 5.1-13 wt % ZnO,
e. 0.1-3 wt % Li 2 O
f. 1-7.9 wt % K 2 O, and
g. 1.5-6 wt % F.
4 . The enamel composition of claim 3 , further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of:
a. 0.1-0.95 wt % Al 2 O 3 ,
b. 0.1-1.5 wt % ZrO 2 , and
c. 5-12 wt % Na 2 O.
5 . The enamel composition of claim 1 , comprising:
a. 45-50 wt % SiO 2 ,
b. 8 -15 wt % B 2 O 3
c. 8.5-11.5 wt % TiO 2 ,
d. 8-12 wt % ZnO, and
e. 0.5-2.5 wt % Li 2 O
f. 1.7-4 wt % K 2 O, and
g. 2-5 wt % F.
6 . The enamel composition of claim 5 , further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of:
a. 0.1-0.8 wt % Al 2 O 3 ,
b. 0.1-0.8 wt % ZrO 2 , and
c. 8-11 wt % Na 2 O.
7 . The enamel composition of claim 1 further comprising sulfur, provided the amount does not exceed about 4 wt %, or a sufficient amount of a metallic sulfide so as to provide an amount of sulfur to the enamel composition not exceeding about 4 wt %, prior to firing.
8 . The enamel composition of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of: (a) 0.1-4.9 wt % Bi 2 O 3 , (b) 0.1-2 wt % Cs 2 O, (c) 0.1-5 wt % MgO, (d) 0.1-5 wt % CeO 2 , (e) 0.1-10 wt % MnO, (f) 0.1-5 wt % CuO, (g) 0.1-5 wt % NiO, (h) 0.1-10 wt % SnO, (i) 0.1-5 wt % P 2 O 5 , (j) 0.1-10 wt % V 2 O 5 , (k) 0.1-5 wt % La 2 O 3 , (l) 0.1-5 wt % Pr 2 O 3 , (m) 0.1-5 wt % Y 2 O 3 , (n) 0.1-5 wt % In 2 O 3 , (o) 0.1-10 wt % Fe 2 O 3 , (p) 0.1-5 wt % Cr 2 O 3 , (q) 0.1-5 wt % CoO, (r) 0.1-4 wt % Nb 2 O 5 , (s) 0.1-4 wt % WO 3 , (t) 0.1-4 wt % MoO 3 , and combinations thereof.
9 . The enamel composition of claim 1 , further comprising at least one crystalline seed material of a type selected from the group consisting of zinc borates, zinc silicates, zinc titanates, aluminum silicates, and combinations thereof.
10 . The enamel composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition lacks intentionally added bismuth in any form.
11 . A method of decorating a substrate comprising:
a. applying to a enamel substrate a coating of an enamel composition comprising, prior to firing:
i. 38-60 wt % SiO 2 ,
ii. 5.1-22.9 wt % B 2 O 3 ,
iii. 8.1-18 wt % TiO 2 ,
iv. 0.1-14.9 wt % ZnO,
v. 0.1-4.5 wt % Li 2 O
vi. 0.1-18 wt % K 2 O, and
vii. 1-7 wt % F.
b. firing the substrate and coating at a temperature sufficient to flow the enamel composition to cause the enamel composition to adhere to the substrate.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein, prior to firing, the enamel composition further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of:
a. 0.1-1.9 wt % Al 2 O 3 ,
b. 0.1-4 wt % ZrO 2 , and
c. 0.1-13wt % Na 2 O.
13 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the enamel composition comprises, prior to firing:
a. 41-51 wt % SiO 2 ,
b. 6-17 wt % B 2 O 3 ,
c. 8.5-13 wt % TiO 2 ,
d. 5.1-13 wt % ZnO,
e. 0.1-3 wt % Li 2 O
f. 1-7.9 wt % K 2 O, and
g. 1.5-6wt % F.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the enamel composition further comprises:
a. 0.1-0.95 wt % A 2 O 3 ,
b. 0.1-1.5 wt % ZrO 2 , and
c. 5-12 wt % Na 2 O.
15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the enamel composition comprisies:
a. 45-50 wt % SiO 2 ,
b. 8 -15 wt % B 2 O 3
c. 8.5-11.5 wt % TiO 2 ,
d. 8-12 wt % ZnO, and
e. 0.5-2.5 wt % Li 2 O
f. 1.7-4 wt % K 2 O, and
g. 2-5 wt % F.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the enamel composition further comprises:
a. 0.1-0.8 wt % Al 2 O 3 ,
b. 0.1-0.8 wt % ZrO 2 , and
c. 8-11 wt % Na 2 O.
17 . The method of claim 1 1 , wherein the enamel composition further comprises sulfur, provided the amount does not exceed about 4 wt%, or a sufficient amount of a metallic sulfide so as to provide an amount of sulfur to the enamel composition not exceeding about 4 wt %, prior to firing.
18 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the enamel composition further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of: (a) 0.1-4.9 wt % Bi 2 O 3 , (b) 0.1-2 wt % Cs 2 O, (c) 0.1-5 wt % MgO, (d) 0.1-5 wt % CeO 2 , (e) 0.1-10 wt % MnO, (f) 0.1-5 wt % CuO, (g) 0.1-5 wt % NiO, (h) 0.1-10 wt % SnO, (i) 0.1-5 wt % P 2 O 5 , (j) 0.1-10 wt % V 2 O 5 , (k) 0.1-5 wt % La 2 O 3 , (l) 0.1-5 wt % Pr 2 O 3 , (m) 0.1-5 wt % Y 2 O 3 , (n) 0.1-5 wt % In 2 O 3 , (o) 0.1-10 wt % Fe 2 O 3 , (p) 0.1-5 wt % Cr 2 O 3 , (q) 0.1-5 wt % CoO, (r) 0.1-4 wt % Nb 2 O 5 , (s) 0.1-4 wt % WO 3 , (t) 0.1-4 wt % MoO 3 , and combinations thereof.
19 . An automotive enamel bearing a fired coating, the fired coating comprising, prior to firing,
a. 38-60 wt % SiO 2 ,
b. 5.1-22.9 wt % B 2 O 3 ,
c. 8.1-18 wt % TiO 2 ,
d. 0.1-14.9 wt % ZnO,
e. 0.1-4.5 wt % Li 2 O
f. 0.1-18 wt % K 2 O, and
g. 1-7 wt % F.