Plastic adhesive
Macrocyclic compounds, e.g., ketones, crown ethers, methicones etc., have been found to be effective co-solvents in solvent based adhesives for pipe joining applications. Because of their enhanced solubility with VOC exempt solvents (40 C.F.R. 51.100), the calculated VOC content of the adhesive can be lowered to at least 75% of those established by SCAQMD Rule 116A.
1. A solvent cement comprising (a) a corresponding polymer selected from PVC, CPVC and ABS, (b) at least one liquid polar organic solvent, (c) an optional sulfur containing liquid solvent, (d) an optional liquid co-solvent capable of at least partially dissolving or at least swelling the corresponding polymer, (e) an optional additional polymer selected from an acrylic polymer, a vinyl aromatic polymer, a vinyl pyrrolidone polymer, and mixtures thereof, and (f) at least one oxygen and/or nitrogen-containing macrocyclic compound comprising a non-polymeric organic compound, including silicones, containing at least an eight member ring.
2. The solvent cement of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen and/or nitrogen-containing macrocyclic compound is a ketone, crown ether, ester, silicone or amide.
3. The solvent cement of claim 2 , wherein the oxygen and/or nitrogen-containing macrocyclic compound is at least one of a ketone selected from CDDK, cyclodecanone, cycloundecanone, cyclopentadecanone, norcamphor, cyclotridecanone and 2-adamantanone; a crown ether selected from 12-crown-4, 15-crown-5, 18-crown-6, dibenzo-18-crown-6, 4,10-diaza-15-crown-5, dicyclohexano-18-crown-6and 21-crown-7; an ester selected from cyclopentadecanolide, oxacyclododecanone, oxacyclododecan-2-one and 16-hexadecanolide; a silicone selected from D4-methicone and D-5 methicone; and an amide selected from 2-azacyclodecanone and laurelactam.
4. The solvent cement of claim 3 , wherein the oxygen and/or nitrogen-containing macrocyclic compound is CDDK.
5. The solvent cement of claim 1 , wherein the polar organic solvent is one or more ketones, ethers, esters, amides, carbonates, or mixtures thereof.
6. The solvent cement of claim 5 , wherein the solvent cement contains at least one sulfur containing liquid solvent selected from an organic sulfoxide, an organic sulfone, an organic sulfide, and mixture thereof.
7. The solvent cement of claim 1 , wherein the solvent cement contains an additional polymer selected from an acrylic polymer, a vinyl aromatic polymer, a vinyl pyrrolidone polymer, and mixtures thereof.
8. The solvent cement of claim 7 , wherein the additional polymer is an acrylic polymer.
9. The solvent cement of claim 1 , wherein the solvent cement comprises 1-60wt. % oxygen and/or nitrogen-containing macrocyclic compound, 70-99% liquid polar organic solvent, 0-30 wt. % sulfur containing liquid organic solvent, 0-30 wt. % co-solvent, 3-60 wt. % corresponding resin and 0-10 wt. % additional polymer.
10. The solvent cement of claim 7 , wherein the solvent cement comprises 5-25wt. % oxygen and/or nitrogen-containing macrocyclic compound, 45-90% polar organic solvent, 0-10 wt. % sulfur containing organic solvent, 0-10 wt. % co-solvent, 5-20 wt. % corresponding resin and 0-7 wt. % additional polymer.
11. The solvent cement of claim 10 , wherein the solvent cement contains 5-20wt. % of at least one polyvinyl chloride polymer.
12. The solvent cement of claim 1 , wherein the solvent cement contains 1-60wt. % CDDK, 0-30 wt. % DMSO, 0-50 wt. % MEK, 0-50 wt. % ACE, with the combined amounts of MEK and ACE being at least about 40 wt. %, 3-60 wt. % of a corresponding resin comprising a polyvinyl chloride polymer, a chlorinated polyvinyl chloride polymer, an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer, or mixture thereof, and 0-10 wt. % of an additional polymer comprising an acrylic polymer, a vinyl aromatic polymer, a vinyl pyrrolidone polymer, or a mixture thereof.
13. The solvent cement of claim 12 , wherein the solvent cement contains 5-25wt. % CDDK, 20-50 wt. % MEK, 20-40 wt. % ACE, and 5-20wt. % of corresponding resin.
14. A process for bonding PVC, CPVC and ABS plastic pipe and other molded articles to one another, the process comprising applying a solvent cement to the surfaces to be bonded and then bringing these surfaces into contact with one another, wherein the solvent cement comprises (a) a corresponding polymer selected from PVC, CPVC and ABS, (b) at least one liquid polar organic solvent, (c) an optional sulfur containing liquid solvent, (d) an optional liquid co-solvent capable of at least partially dissolving or at least swelling the corresponding polymer, (e) an optional additional polymer selected from an acrylic polymer, a vinyl aromatic polymer, a vinyl pyrrolidone polymer, and mixtures thereof, and (f) at least one oxygen and/or nitrogen-containing macrocyclic compound comprising a non-polymeric organic compound,including silicones, containing at least an eight member ring.
15. The process of claim 14 , wherein the oxygen and/or nitrogen-containing macrocyclic compound is a ketone, crown ether, ester, silicone or amide.
16. The process of claim 15 , wherein the oxygen and/or nitrogen-containing macrocyclic compound is at least one of a ketone selected from CDDK, cyclodecanone, cycloundecanone, cyclopentadecanone, norcamphor, cyclotridecanone and 2-adamantanone; a crown ether selected from 12-crown-4, 15-crown-5, 18-crown-6, dibenzo-18-crown-6, 4,10-diaza-15-crown-5, dicyclohexano-18-crown-6and 21-crown-7; an ester selected from cyclopentadecanolide, oxacyclododecanone, oxacyclododecan-2-one and 16-hexadecanolide; a silicone selected from D4-methicone and D-5 methicone; and an amide selected from 2-azacyclodecanone and laurelactam.
17. The process of claim 16 , wherein the oxygen and/or nitrogen-containing macrocyclic compound is CDDK.