Volume emitter
An apparatus for treating organic tissue includes: (i) a flash lamp defining a bore; (ii) a current source adapted for providing current to the flash lamp and operating at a current density adapted for forming a volume of optically transparent plasma within the bore, where the volume of optically transparent plasma is capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation and allowing the transmission of the electromagnetic radiation through the volume of optically transparent plasma; and (iii) a delivery system adapted for employing at least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation to treat the organic tissue.
1. An apparatus configured for treating organic tissue, comprising:
a flash lamp defining a bore, the flash lamp configured to form a volume of optically transparent plasma within the bore;
a current source configured to deliver current to the flash lamp and operate the flash lamp at a current density that facilities the formation of the volume of optically transparent plasma within the bore, the current density being less than 1,000 A/cm 2 ,
wherein the volume of optically transparent plasma is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation from within the plasma to outside of the plasma and allow the transmission of the electromagnetic radiation through the volume of optically transparent plasma,
wherein the optically transparent plasma has a transmission coefficient of greater than 0.35 for a 1 cm path length at a wavelength of 5,500 Å; and
a delivery system configured to receive at least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation and to direct said portion of electromagnetic radiation to organic tissue.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a reflector disposed relative to the flash lamp and configured to reflect a second portion of the electromagnetic radiation back through the optically transparent plasma to the delivery system.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the electromagnetic radiation comprises electromagnetic radiation emitted from within the volume of optically transparent plasma and transmitted from within the volume of optically transparent plasma and through the volume of optically transparent plasma.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the delivery system comprises a waveguide configured to receive the portion of electromagnetic radiation from the flash lamp and further configured to deliver the portion of the electromagnetic radiation to the organic tissue.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the delivery system comprises a body configured to receive electromagnetic radiation from the flash lamp and at least partially transforming the electromagnetic radiation into radiation having a second wavelength.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the bore diameter is greater than 7 mm.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the bore diameter is greater than 9 mm.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the bore diameter is greater than 11 mm.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the flash lamp comprises a cathode and an anode separated by an arc path length, and an arc path length to bore diameter ratio of less than 1.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the flash lamp comprises a cathode and an anode separated by an arc path length, and an arc path length to bore diameter ratio of less than 6.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the flash lamp comprises a cathode and an anode separated by an arc path length, and an arc path length to bore diameter ratio of less than 12.