WATER BASED HYDROPHOBIC SELF-CLEANING COATING COMPOSITIONS
A coating composition comprising hydrophobic particles having an average size of between 7 nm and 4,000 nm and a wetting agent for promoting dispersion of the hydrophobic particles in water. The hydrophobic particles may be oxides, such as silica, titania, or zinc oxide. In one embodiment, the hydrophobic particles comprise fumed silica. The coating composition may be brushed, spin coated, or dipped onto a surface. In one embodiment, once the coating composition dries, the coating formed thereby is characterized by a contact angle formed with a water droplet in excess of 165 degrees. A method of making a coating composition comprising providing hydrophobic particles having an average size of between 7 nm and 4,000 nm, mixing a wetting agent with the hydrophobic particles to form a paste, and dispersing the paste in water by mixing to form a mixture.
1 . A coating composition comprising:
hydrophobic particles having an average size of between 7 nm and 4,000 nm;
a wetting agent for promoting dispersion of the hydrophobic particles in water; and
water.
2 . The coating composition of claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic particles are oxides.
3 . The coating composition of claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic particles comprise silica, titania, or zinc oxide, or combinations thereof.
4 . The coating composition of claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic particles comprise fumed silica.
5 . The coating composition of claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic particles are present in an amount between 0.001 wt % and 10 wt % based on a total weight of the composition.
6 . The coating composition of claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic particles are treated with an organosilane, an alkylsilane, a fluorinated silane, or a disilazane, or combinations thereof.
7 . The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the wetting agent comprises a ketone, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, an alcohol, a glycol ether, a glycol ether acetate, a glycol, a polyglycol, a polydimethylsiloxane, a cyclic polydimethylsiloxane, an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, a tetrahydrofuran, acetic acid, or an acetate, or a combination thereof.
8 . The coating composition of claim 1 , further comprising:
a surfactant.
9 . The coating composition of claim 8 wherein the surfactant comprises a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, or an anionic surfactant.
10 . The coating composition of claim 8 wherein the surfactant comprises dimethlyhexynol, ethoxylated dinonyl phenol, 6-mole ethoxylate of nonylphenol, an ethoxylated octylphenol, a branched ethoxylated alcohol, a linear ethoxylated alcohol, or a silicone surfactant, or combinations thereof.
11 . The coating composition of claim 1 further comprising:
a binder.
12 . The coating composition of claim 11 wherein the binder is a UV stable hydrophobic polymer comprising a perfluoro alkyl substituted acrylic polymer, aminofunctional siloxanes, beeswax, or a trimethylsilyl end capped siloxane.
13 . The coating composition of claim 1 further comprising:
a dye.
14 . The coating composition of claim 13 wherein the dye comprises metallized azos, pigments, zinc chromes, barium chromate, strontium chromate, titanium nickel yellow, limonite, haematite, magnetite, micaceous oxides of iron, iron ferrite, or Prussian blue, or combinations thereof.
15 . The coating composition of claim 1 , further including:
a biocide.
16 . The coating composition of claim 15 wherein the biocide comprises polymethoxybicyclic oxazolidine, DMDM hydantoin, or triazinetriethanol, or combinations thereof.
17 . A method of making a coating composition, the method comprising:
providing hydrophobic particles having an average size of between 7 nm and 4,000 nm;
mixing a wetting agent with the hydrophobic particles to form a paste; and
dispersing the paste in water by mixing to form a mixture.
18 . The method of claim 17 wherein dispersing includes ultrasonic sheering.
19 . The method of claim 17 wherein the hydrophobic particles are oxides.
20 . The method of claim 17 wherein the hydrophobic particles comprise silica, titania, or zinc oxide, or combinations thereof.
21 . The method of claim 17 wherein the hydrophobic particles comprise fumed silica.
22 . The method of claim 17 wherein providing includes providing the hydrophobic particles in an amount between 0.001 wt. % and 10 wt. % based on the total weight of the composition.
23 . The method of claim 17 wherein providing the hydrophobic particles includes providing the hydrophobic particles treated with an organosilane, an alkylsilane, a fluorinated silane, or a disilazane, or combinations thereof.
24 . The method of claim 17 wherein the wetting agent comprises a ketone, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, an alcohol, a glycol ether, a glycol ether acetate, a glycol, a polyglycol, a polydimethylsiloxane, a cyclic polydimethylsiloxane, an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, a tetrahydrofuran, acetic acid, or an acetate, or a combination thereof.
25 . The method of claim 17 , further comprising:
mixing a surfactant into the water with the hydrophobic particles.
26 . The method of claim 25 wherein the surfactant comprises a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, and an anionic surfactant.
27 . The method of claim 25 wherein the surfactant comprises dimethlyhexynol, ethoxylated dinonyl phenol, 6-mole ethoxylate of nonylphenol, an ethoxylated octylphenol, a branched ethoxylated alcohol, a linear ethoxylated alcohol, or a silicone surfactant, or combinations thereof.
28 . The method of claim 17 , further comprising:
mixing a UV stable hydrophobic polymer comprising a perfluoro alkyl substituted acrylic polymer, aminofunctional siloxanes, beeswax, or a trimethylsilyl end capped siloxane into the mixture.
29 . The method of claim 17 , further comprising:
mixing a dye into the mixture.
30 . The method of claim 29 wherein the dye comprises metallized azos, pigments, zinc chromes, barium chromate, strontium chromate, titanium nickel yellow, limonite, haematite, magnetite, micaceous oxides of iron, iron ferrites, or Prussian blue, or combinations thereof.
31 . The method of claim 17 , further comprising:
mixing a biocide into the mixture.
32 . The method of claim 31 wherein the biocide comprises polymethoxybicyclic oxazolidine, DMDM hydantoin, or triazinetriethanol, or combinations thereof.
33 . The method of claim 17 , further comprising:
placing the mixture in a container with a propellant comprising carbon dioxide, a hydrocarbon, nitrogen, fluorocarbon, difluoroethane, or compressed air, or combinations thereof.