Method for the preparation of a blown film containing 300-600 gels/m 2 of size in the range 100-2000 μm as measured by an optical control system, in which the film is derived by extrusion from an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer. The method is carried out by preparing the copolymer in a particle forming polymerization process in the presence of a single site catalyst system containing a single site catalyst, a cocatalyst, and a support material.
1. A method for the preparation of a blown film containing 300-600 gels/m 2 of size in the range 100-2000 μm as measured by an optical control system device ME-20/26 V2 type consisting of a 20 mm single screw extruder, a flat die, a chill roll, a winding station and an optical detector as follows screw speed 25 rpm, temperature profile 190-200-205-210-215-220° C., chill roll temperature 75° C., take off speed 2.5 m/min, winder tension of 5% and roll torque of 5 Nm, said film being derived by extrusion of an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, said method comprising preparing said ethylene-α-olefin copolymer in a particle forming polymerisation process in the presence of a single site catalyst system comprising:
(a) a single site catalyst,
(b) a cocatalyst, and
(c) a support material.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the film contains 300-500 gels/m 2 of size in the range 100-2000 μm.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the α-olefin is selected from the group consisting of 1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1-octene.
4. A method according to claim 3 wherein the α-olefin is 1-hexene.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer has a density in the range 0.900 -0.930 g/cm 3 .
6. A method according to claim 5 wherein the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer has a density in the range 0.910 -0.925 g/cm 3 .
7. A method according to claim 1 wherein the single site catalyst is a metallocene.
8. A method according to claim 7 wherein the metallocene is a monocylcopentadienyl metallocene complex.
9. A method according to claim 7 wherein the metallocene has the general formula:
wherein:—
R′ each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbyl, silyl, germyl, halo, cyano, and combinations thereof, said R′ having up to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, and optionally, two R′ groups where R′ is not hydrogen, halo or cyano together form a divalent derivative thereof connected to adjacent positions of the cyclopentadienyl ring to form a fused ring structure;
X is hydride or a moiety selected from the group consisting of halo, alkyl, aryl, aryloxy, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, amidoalkyl, siloxyalkyl having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms and neutral Lewis base ligands having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms;
Y is —O—, —S—, —NR*—, —PR*—;
M is hafnium, titanium or zirconium,
Z* is SiR* 2 , CR* 2 , SiR* 2 Sm* 2 , CR* 2 CR* 2 , CR*═CR*, CR*, CR* 2 SiR* 2 , or GeR* 2 , wherein:
R* each occurrence is independently hydrogen, or a member selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl, silyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated aryl, and combinations thereof, said R* having up to 10 non-hydrogen atoms, and optionally, two R* groups from Z* when R* is not hydrogen, or an R* group from Z* and an R* group from Y form a ring system; and
n is 1 or 2 depending on the valence of M.
10. A method according to claim 7 wherein the metallocene has the general formula:
wherein:—
R′ each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbyl, silyl, germyl, halo, cyano, and combinations thereof, said R′ having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, and optionally, two R′ groups where R′ is not hydrogen, halo or cyano together form a divalent derivative thereof connected to adjacent positions of the cyclopentadienyl ring to form a fused ring structure;
X is a neutral η 4 bonded diene group having up to 30 non-hydrogen atoms, which forms a π-complex with M;
Y is —O—, —S—, —NR*—, —PR*—;
M is titanium or zirconium in the +2 formal oxidation state;
Z* is SiR* 2 , CR* 2 , SiR* 2 SiR* 2 , CR* 2 CR* 2 , CR*═CR*, CR* 2 SiR* 2 , or GeR* 2 , wherein:
R* each occurrence is independently hydrogen, or a member selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl, silyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated aryl, and combinations thereof, said R* having up to 10 non-hydrogen atoms, and optionally, two R* groups from Z* when R* is not hydrogen, or an R* group from Z* and an R* group from Y form a ring system.
11. A method according to claim 10 wherein M is titanium.
12. A method according to claim 1 wherein the cocatalyst has the general formula:
(L*-H) + d (A d″ )
wherein
L* is a neutral Lewis base
(L*-H) + d is a Bronsted acid
A d″ is a non-coordinating compatible anion having a charge of d″, and
d is an integer from 1 to 3.
13. A method according to claim 12 wherein the cocatalyst comprises ionic compounds comprising a cation and an anion wherein the anion has at least one substituent comprising a moiety having an active hydrogen.
14. A method according to claim 1 wherein the support material is silica.
15. A method according to claim 1 wherein the polymerisation process is performed in the gas phase or the slurry phase.
16. A method for the preparation of a blown film containing 300-600 gels/m 2 of size in the range 100-2000 μm as measured by an optical control system device ME-20/26 V2 type consisting of a 20 mm single screw extruder, a flat die, a chill roll, a winding station and an optical detector as follows screw speed 25 rpm, temperature profile 190-200-205-210-215-220° C., chill roll temperature 75° C., take off speed 2.5 m/min, winder tension of 5% and roll torque of 5 Nm, said film being derived by extrusion of an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, said method comprising preparing said ethylene-α-olefin copolymer in a particle forming polymerisation process in the presence of a single site catalyst system comprising:
(a) a metallocene complex,
(b) a non-aluminoxane cocatalyst,
(c) a support material, and
(d) a polymerisable monomer.
17. A method according to claim 16 wherein the polymerisable monomer is 1-hexene.
18. A method according to claim 16 wherein the single-site catalyst system is prepared by:
contacting together in a suitable solvent
(a) a metallocene complex,
(b) a non-aluminoxane cocatalyst,
(c) a porous support material, and
(d) a polymerisable monomer, and
removing the solvent.
19. A method according to claim 18 wherein the metallocene is a monocyclopentadienyl metallocene complex.
20. A method according to claim 18 wherein the cocatalyst comprises ionic compounds comprising a cation and an anion wherein the anion has at least one substituent comprising a moiety having an active hydrogen.
21. A blown film containing 300-600 gels/m 2 of size in the range 100-2000 μm as measured by an optical control system device ME-20/26 V2 type consisting of a 20 mm single screw extruder, a flat die, a chill roll, a winding station and an optical detector as follows screw speed 25 rpm, temperature profile 190-200-205-210-215-220° C., chill roll temperature 75° C., take off speed 2.5 m/min, winder tension of 5% and roll torque of 5 Nm, said film being derived by extrusion of an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having a density in the range 0.900 -0.930 g/cm 3 and prepared in a particle forming polymerisation process in the presence of a single site catalyst system comprising:
(a) a single site catalyst,
(b) a cocatalyst, and
(c) a support material.
22. A film according to claim 21 containing 300-500 gels/m 2 of size in the range 100-2000 μm.
23. A film according to claim 21 wherein the μ-olefin is 1-hexene.