Emulsions and Microcapsules With Substances Having Low Interfacial Tension, Methods of Making and Using Thereof
Disclosed are emulsions and microcapsules that comprise one or more substances with a low interfacial tension. Methods of making the emulsions and microcapsules as well as methods of using them are also disclosed.
1 . An emulsion, comprising a first polymer component and a loading substance, wherein the loading substance comprises microbial oil and has an interfacial tension of less than about 5 dynes/cm and wherein the emulsion has a pH of greater than about 6.0 or less than about 5.0.
2 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , further comprising an antioxidant.
3 . (canceled)
4 . The emulsion according to claim 2 , wherein the antioxidant comprises ascorbic acid or a salt thereof.
5 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , further comprising sodium hydroxide, phosphoric acid, or a mixture thereof.
6 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the pH is from about 3.5 to about 4.9.
7 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the pH is from about 9.0 to about 11.0.
8 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer component comprises a surfactant, gelatin, polyphosphate, polysaccharide, or a mixture thereof.
9 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer component comprises gelatin type A, gelatin type B, fish gelatin, polyphosphate, gum arabic, alginate, chitosan, carrageenan, pectin, low methoxyl pectin, starch, modified starch, alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobumin, ovalbumin, polysorbiton, maltodextrin, cyclodextrin, cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydropropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, milk protein, whey protein, soy protein, canola protein, albumin, xanthan, gellan gum, agar, kosher gelatin, non-kosher gelatin, Halal gelatin, non-Halal gelatin, or a mixture thereof
10 . (canceled)
11 . (canceled)
12 . (canceled)
13 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer component has a Bloom number of from about 0 to about 50.
14 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer component has a Bloom number of from about 51 to about 300.
15 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer component has a Bloom number of about 0, about 210, about 220, or about 240.
16 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the loading substance has an interfacial tension of less than about 2 dynes/cm.
17 . (canceled)
18 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the loading substance has an interfacial tension of less than about 0.5 dynes/cm.
19 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the loading substance comprises an algal oil.
20 . (canceled)
21 . (canceled)
22 . (canceled)
23 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the loading substance comprises oil from Thraustochytrium, Schizochytrium , or a mixture thereof.
24 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the loading substance comprises an omega-3 fatty acid, an alkyl ester of an omega-3 fatty acid, a triglyceride ester of an omega-3 fatty acid, a phytosterol ester of an omega-3 fatty acid, and/or a mixture thereof.
25 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the loading substance comprises docosahexaenoic acid and/or eicosapentaenoic acid, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl ester thereof, a triglyceride ester thereof, a phytosterol ester thereof, and/or a mixture thereof.
26 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the loading substance is from about 1% to about 50% by weight of the emulsion.
27 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer component is 240 Bloom fish gelatin, the loading substance is algal oil, and the pH is from about 9 to about 11.
28 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer component is 240 Bloom fish gelatin and the pH is from about 3.5 to about 4.9.
29 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer component is 0 Bloom fish gelatin and the pH is from about 9 to about 11.
30 . The emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer component is 0 Bloom fish gelatin and the pH is from about 3.5 to about 4.9.
31 . (canceled)
32 . (canceled)
33 . (canceled)
34 . (canceled)
35 . A process for preparing an emulsion, comprising providing an aqueous mixture of a first polymer component and a loading substance, wherein the loading substance comprises a marine oil and has an interfacial tension of less than about 5 dynes/cm and wherein the mixture has a pH of greater than about 6.0 or less than about 5.0; and emulsifying the mixture.
36 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein an antioxidant is added to the aqueous mixture.
37 . (canceled)
38 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the antioxidant comprises ascorbic acid or a salt thereof.
39 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the pH of greater than about 6.0 is achieved by adding sodium hydroxide or wherein the pH of less than about 5.0 is achieved by adding phosphoric acid.
40 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the pH is from about 3.5 to about 4.9.
41 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the pH is from about 9.0 to about 11.0.
42 . (canceled)
43 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein emulsifying is performed at a temperature of from about 40° C. to about 50° C.
44 . (canceled)
45 . The process according to claim 35 , further comprising dehydrating the emulsion.
46 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the first polymer component comprises a surfactant, gelatin, polyphosphate, polysaccharide, or a mixture thereof.
47 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the first polymer component comprises gelatin type A, gelatin type B, fish gelatin, polyphosphate, gum arabic, alginate, chitosan, carrageenan, pectin, low methoxyl pectin, starch, modified starch, alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobumin, ovalbumin, polysorbiton, maltodextrin, cyclodextrin, cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydropropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, milk protein, whey protein, soy protein, canola protein, albumin, xanthan, gellan gum, agar, kosher gelatin, non-kosher gelatin, Halal gelatin, non-Halal gelatin, or a mixture thereof.
48 . (canceled)
49 . (canceled)
50 . (canceled)
51 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the first polymer component has a Bloom number of from about 0 to about 50.
52 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the first polymer component has a Bloom number of from about 51 to about 300.
53 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the first polymer component has a Bloom number of about 0, about 210, about 220, or about 240.
54 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the loading substance has an interfacial tension of less than about 2 dynes/cm.
55 . (canceled)
56 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the loading substance has an interfacial tension of less than about 0.5 dynes/cm.
57 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the loading substance comprises algal oil.
58 . (canceled)
59 . (canceled)
60 . (canceled)
61 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the loading substance comprises oil from Thraustochytrium, Schizochytrium , or a mixture thereof.
62 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the loading substance comprises an omega-3 fatty acid, an alkyl ester of an omega-3 fatty acid, a triglyceride ester of an omega-3 fatty acid, a phytosterol ester of an omega-3 fatty acid, and/or a mixture thereof.
63 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the loading substance comprises docosahexaenoic acid and/or eicosapentaenoic acid, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl ester thereof, a triglyceride ester thereof, a phytosterol ester thereof, and/or a mixture thereof.
64 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the loading substance is provided in an amount of from about 1% to about 50% by weight of the aqueous mixture.
65 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the first polymer component is 240 Bloom fish gelatin, and the pH is from about 9 to about 11.
66 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the first polymer component is 240 Bloom fish gelatin, and the pH is from about 3.5 to about 4.9.
67 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the first polymer component is 0 Bloom fish gelatin, and the pH is from about 9 to about 11.
68 . The process according to claim 35 , wherein the first polymer component is 0 Bloom fish gelatin, and the pH is from about 3.5 to about 4.9.
69 .- 168 . (canceled)