Pre-clinical method for monitoring serial changes in circulating breast cancer cells in mice
The CellTracks® System provides a system to enumerate CTC's in blood. The system immunomagnetically concentrates epithelial cells, fluorescently labels the cells and identifies and quantifies CTC's. The absolute number of CTC's detected in the peripheral blood tumor load is, in part, a factor in prediction of survival, time to progression, and response to therapy. Pre-clinical studies of circulating tumor cells (CTC's) have been limited by the inability to repetitively monitor CTC's in animal models. The present invention provides a method to enumerate CTC's in blood samples obtained from living mice, using a protocol similar to an in vitro diagnostic system for quantifying CTC's in patients. Accordingly, this technology can be adapted for serial monitoring of CTC's in mouse xenograft tumor models of human breast cancer.
1 . A method for analysis of metastatic circulating rare cells in a preclinical tumor xenograft mouse model comprising:
a) obtaining a 100 μl blood sample from a xenograft mouse model, said sample comprising a mixed cell population suspected of containing said rare cells;
b) enriching a fraction of said specimen, said fraction containing said rare cells;
c) confirming structural integrity of said rare cells to be intact;
d) analyzing said intact rare cells; and
e) repeating steps a through d to assess disease progression.
2 . A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said xenograft mouse model is from a mouse that spontaneously intravates CTC's in the circulation from orthotopic tumor xenografts of MDA-MB-231 cells, SUM-159 cells, SKBR-3 cells and combinations thereof.
3 . A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said xenograft mouse model is made by implanting clinical breast cancer isolates in mice.
4 . A method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein said mice received a subcutaneous pellet of sustained release 17-β-estradiol.
5 . A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said blood sample is obtained by cardiac puncture.
6 . A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said fraction is obtained by immunomagnetic enrichment using an externally applied magnetic field to separate paramagnetic particles coupled to a biospecific ligand which specifically binds to said rare cells, to the substantial exclusion of other populations.
7 . A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said structural integrity is determined by a procedure selected from the group consisting of immunocytochemical procedures, FISH procedures, flowcytometry procedures, image cytometry procedures, and combinations thereof.
8 . A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein an increase in the number of said intact rare cells present in said specimen corresponds to disease progression.
9 . A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said rare cells is from the group consisting of metastatic breast cancer cells, metastatic prostate cancer cells, bladder cancer cells, metastatic colon cancer cells, and combinations thereof.