Ion exchange porous resins for solid phase extraction and chromatography

1. A method for treating a solution to isolate or remove a solute, comprising:

contacting a solution having a solute with a porous resin under conditions so as to allow sorption of said solute to said porous resin;

said porous resin comprising at least one ion-exchange functional group, at least one hydrophilic polar component and at least one hydrophobic component.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said ion-exchange functional group is selected from the group consisting of SO 3 H, CH 2 CO 2 H, CH 2 CH(CO 2 H) 2 , CO 2 H, PO 3 H 2 , PO 2 H 2 , CH 2 PO 3 H 2 , CH 2 Cl, CH 2 NH 2 , CH 2 N[(CH 2 ) y CH 3 ] 2 wherein y is any integer from 0 to 18, CH 2 N + [(CH 2 ) y= CH 3 ] 3 D − wherein y= is any integer from 0 to 18 and D − is an anion, SO 2 NHR wherein R is polyethylenimine, and CH 2 NHR wherein R is polyethylenimine.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said ion-exchange functional group is selected from the group consisting of SO 3 H, CH 2 PO 3 H 2 , and CH 2 CO 2 H.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein said ion-exchange functional group is SO 3 H.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said hydrophilic polar component is selected from the group consisting of an amide group, ester group, carbonate group, carbamate group, urea group, hydroxy group and pyridyl group.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein said porous resin comprises a copolymer having at least one ion-exchange functional group, said copolymer comprising at least one hydrophilic monomer and at least one hydrophobic monomer.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein said hydrophilic monomer comprises a heterocyclic group.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein said heterocyclic group is a pyridyl group or a pyrrolidonyl group.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said pyridyl group is selected from the group consisting of 2-vinylpyridine, 3-vinylpyridine and 4-vinylpyridine.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein said pyrrolidonyl group is N-vinylpyrrolidone.

11. The method of claim 6 wherein said hydrophobic monomer comprises a group selected from the group consisting of a phenyl group, a phenylene group, a straight chain C 2 -C 18 -alkyl group and a branched chain C 2 -C 18 -alkyl group.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said hydrophobic monomer is styrene or divinylbenzene.

13. The method of claim 6 wherein said copolymer is a poly (divinylbenzene-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone).

14. The method of claim 1 wherein said porous resin is a compound of formula I:

and salts thereof,

wherein the order of A, B and C may be random, block, or a combination of random and block;

wherein

1

100

<

(

p

+

n

)

m

<

100

1

and

1

500

<

p

n

<

100

1

;

wherein A is selected from the group consisting of

wherein B is selected from the group consisting of

wherein C is A or modified A, wherein modified A is selected from the group consisting of

and

wherein X is selected from the group consisting of SO 3 H, CH 2 CO 2 H, CH 2 CH(CO 2 H) 2 , CO 2 H, PO 3 H 2 , PO 2 H 2 , CH 2 PO 3 H 2 , CH 2 Cl, CH 2 NH 2 , CH 2 N[(CH 2 ) y CH 3 ] 2 wherein y is any integer from 0 to 18, CH 2 N+[(CH 2 ) y′ CH 3 ] 3 D − wherein y′ is an integer from 0 to 18 and D − is an anion SO 2 NHR wherein R is polyethylenimine, and CH 2 NHR wherein R is polyethylenimine.

15. The method of claim 1 wherein said porous resin is a sulfonated poly (divinylbenzene-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone).

16. The method of claim 1 wherein said porous resin is in the form of a bead.

17. The method of claim 1 wherein said solute is selected from the group consisting of a drug, pesticide, herbicide, biomolecule, toxin, pollutant, metabolite, and a degradation product thereof.

18. The method of claim 1 wherein said solution is selected from the group consisting of water, an aqueous solution, and a mixture of water or an aqueous solution and a water-miscible polar organic solvent.

19. The method of claim 1 wherein said solution is selected from the group consisting of blood, plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, a tissue extract, groundwater, surface water, drinking water, a soil extract, a food substance, an extract of a food substance, and natural products extractions from plants and broths.

20. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of removing said solute from said porous resin.

21. A method for analytically determining the level of a solute in a solution, comprising:

contacting a solution having a solute with a porous resin under conditions so as to allow sorption of said solute to said porous resin;

said resin comprising at least one ion-exchange functional group, at least one hydrophilic polar component and at least one hydrophobic component;

washing said porous resin having said sorbed solute with a solvent under conditions so as to desorb said solute from said porous resin; and

analytically determining the level of said desorbed solute present in said solvent after said washing.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein said porous resin is a compound of formula I and salts thereof.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein said porous resin is a sulfonated poly (divinylbenzene-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone).