Methods of producing nucleic acid molecules comprising stem loop oligonucleotides
The present invention concerns preparation of DNA molecules, such as a library, using a stem-loop oligonucleotide. In particular embodiments, the invention employs a single reaction mixture and conditions. In particular, at least part of the inverted palindrome is removed during the preparation of the molecules to facilitate amplification of the molecules. Thus, in specific embodiments, the DNA molecules are suitable for amplification and are not hindered by the presence of the palindrome.
1. A method of preparing a nucleic acid molecule, comprising:
providing a double stranded nucleic acid molecule; and
attaching one strand of a stem-loop oligonucleotide comprising an inverted repeat and a loop to the double stranded nucleic acid molecule to produce an oligonucleotide-attached nucleic acid molecule; and
displacing one strand of the oligonucleotide from the oligonucleotide-attached nucleic acid molecule by strand displacement or by nick translation polymerization.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the double stranded nucleic acid molecule is a double stranded DNA molecule.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the attaching is further defined as attaching the oligonucleotide to the double stranded nucleic acid molecule under conditions to produce a non-covalent junction in the oligonucleotide-attached nucleic acid molecule.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the non-covalent junction comprises a nick, a gap, or a 5′ flap structure.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the attaching is further defined as ligating.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least part of the oligonucleotide-attached nucleic acid molecule is amplified by polymerase chain reaction.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising amplifying the oligonucleotide-attached nucleic acid molecule, wherein at least part of the inverted repeat is excluded from the amplified oligonucleotide-attached nucleic acid molecule.
8. The method of claim 5 , wherein the ligating is further defined as comprising:
generating ligatable ends on the double stranded nucleic acid molecule;
generating a ligatable end on the stem-loop oligonucleotide; and
ligating one strand of the ligatable end of the stem-loop oligonucleotide to one strand of an end of the nucleic acid molecule, thereby generating a non-covalent junction in the oligonucleotide-attached nucleic acid molecule.
9. The method of claim 1 , further defined as comprising:
generating blunt ends on the nucleic acid molecule;
generating a blunt end on the stem-loop oligonucleotide; and
ligating one strand of the blunt end of the stem-loop oligonucleotide to one strand of a blunt end of the nucleic acid molecule, thereby generating a nick in the oligonucleotide-ligated nucleic acid molecule.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said stem-loop oligonucleotide comprises a known sequence.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said stem-loop oligonucleotide comprises a transcription regulatory sequence.
12. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:
digesting the DNA molecule with one or more endonucleases to produce DNA fragments;
producing blunt ends on the DNA fragments;
producing a blunt end on the stem-loop oligonucleotide; and
ligating one strand of the blunt end of a stem-loop oligonucleotide to one strand of a blunt end of a DNA fragment, thereby generating a nick in a oligonucleotide-ligated DNA fragment.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the endonuclease is a restriction endonuclease, DNAse I, or an apoptotic endonuclease.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the restriction endonuclease is methylation-specific or methylation-sensitive.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oligonucleotide-attached nucleic acid molecule comprises a nick having a 3′ hydroxy group, wherein there is polymerization from the 3′ hydroxy group of at least part of the oligonucleotide-attached nucleic acid molecule.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the strand displacement or nick translation polymerization is further defined as polymerization that ceases at a non-replicable base or region in the loop or in a region of the stem adjacent to the loop.