Method and Apparatus for the Gassing and Degassing of Liquids, Particularly in Biotechnology, and Specifically of Cell Cultures
A process and an apparatus for the bubble-free production of gas into liquids, in particular in biotechnology and especially of cell cultures, with gas exchange via one or more immersed membrane surfaces of any type (tubes, cylinders, etc.), with the membrane surfaces in rotary oscillating motion in the liquid.
1 . A method for the gassing of a liquid, said method comprising effecting a gas exchange over one or more membrane surfaces submerged in the liquid, wherein the one or more membrane surfaces are in arbitrary, rotating and oscillating movement in the liquid.
2 . The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gassing rate, the power input, the mixing time and/or the shear load are controlled by changing the movement, a movement cycle not being limited to recurrent patterns.
3 . The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gassing rate is controlled by changing the gas concentration and/or the pressure of the gas or gas mixture or a gas component flowing into a space inside the membrane surface.
4 . The method as claimed in either claim 1 , wherein the gassing rate is controlled by changing the gas concentration and/or pressure of the gas or gas mixture or of a gas component flowing out of a space inside the membrane surface.
5 . The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mass transfer is increased by fitting stationary baffles, the stationary baffles disturbing a flow that forms owing to the rotating and oscillating movement of the membrane surfaces.
6 . The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a supply of the membrane surface is undertaken with the aid of flexible tubes or rotary seals for the supply and removal of gas.
7 . The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the membrane surface is used to generate microbubbles or gas bubbles in the liquid.
8 . The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein rotor arms rotate about a rotor shaft in a fashion bent in one of the rotation directions.
9 . An apparatus for degassing liquids in accordance with claim 1 , said apparatus comprising a gas exchange via one or more submerged membrane surfaces of any sort that are fitted flexibly in the liquid to be gassed and/or degassed, said membrane surfaces being movable in a rotating and oscillating fashion.
10 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 , further comprising means for varying the tension of the membrane surface.
11 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 , further comprising means for varying the incidence angle of the membrane surface.
12 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 , further comprising means for limiting in one rotational direction a deflection of the membrane surface caused by a flow resistance.
13 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 , further comprises means for limiting for a portion of the membrane a deflection, caused by a flow resistance, of the membrane surface.
14 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 , which lacks rotational symmetry in the oscillating and rotating membrane apparatus.
15 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the membrane surface is appropriately shaped for better mixing, and/or of fitting agitator blades/paddles or other apparatuses for flow guidance and mixing.
16 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 , which further comprises means for distributing the membrane surface per volume as uniformly as possible.
17 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 , which further comprises rotor arms fitted tangentially around the rotor shaft in one of the rotation directions.
18 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 , which further comprises a rotor shaft with two rotation directions fitted eccentrically in the container.
19 . The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 , which further comprises a rotor shaft with two rotation directions fitted centrally in the container, but has an eccentric.