Anion-conducting polymer, composition, and membrane
View Patent ↗Anion-conducing polymers and membranes with enhanced stability to aqueous alkali include a polymer backbone with attached sulfonium, phosphazenium, phosphazene, and guanidinium residues. Compositions also with enhanced stability to aqueous alkali include a support embedded with sulfonium, phosphazenium, and guanidinium salts.
1. A polymer of the formula
wherein n is an integer of 3 or greater; wherein Z is a direct bond or a chemical group independently selected from —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C(CH 3 ) 2 —, —C(CF 3 ) 2 —, —C(═O)—, —P(═O)(aryl)-, phenyl; wherein R 1 and R 2 independently of one another denote H, an alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or aralkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms; wherein R 1 and R 2 together may form a —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —, —(CH 2 ) 4 —, —(CH 2 ) 5 —, —CH═CH—, or —CH═CH—CH═CH—; and wherein A 1 and A 2 are selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and a residue selected from those of the formula
wherein R 3 is a direct bond or a group selected from —(CH 2 CH 2 )—, —(C 6 H 4 )—, (CF 2 CF 2 )—, —(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 )—; wherein R 4 and R 5 independently of one another denote an alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or aralkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms; wherein R 4 and R 5 may together form a —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —, —(CH 2 ) 4 —, —(CH 2 ) 5 —, —CH═CH—, or —CH═CH—CH═CH—; wherein R 6 is selected from H, alkyl or cycloalkyl; wherein Q is any anion; and with the caveat that the polymer comprises at least 1 weight percent of the residue.
2. An anion-conducting membrane comprising a polymer of the formula
wherein n is an integer of 3 or greater; wherein Z is a direct bond or a chemical group independently selected from —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C(CH 3 ) 2 —, —C(CF 3 ) 2 —, —C(═O)—, —P(═O)(aryl)-, phenyl; wherein R 1 and R 2 independently of one another denote H, an alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or aralkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms; wherein R 1 and R 2 together may form a —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —, —(CH 2 ) 4 —, —(CH 2 ) 5 —, —CH═CH—, or —CH═CH—CH═CH—; and wherein A 1 and A 2 are selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and a residue selected from those of the formula
wherein R 3 is a direct bond or a group selected from —(CH 2 CH 2 )—, —(C 6 H 4 )—, —(CF 2 CF 2 )—, —(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 )—; wherein R 4 and R 5 independently of one another denote an alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or aralkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms; wherein R 4 and R 5 may together form a —(CH 2 ) 2 —, —(CH 2 ) 3 —, —(CH 2 ) 4 —, —(CH 2 ) 5 —, —CH═CH—, or —CH═CH—CH═CH—; wherein R 6 is selected from H, alkyl or cycloalkyl; wherein Q is any anion; and with the caveat that the polymer comprises at least 1 weight percent of the residue.
3. The anion-conducting membrane of claim 2 , wherein Q is an anion selected from the group consisting of hydroxide, carbonate, bicarbonate, and halide.