Nickel-based brazing foil and process for brazing
View Patent ↗Disclosed is an amorphous, ductile brazing foil with a composition consisting essentially of Ni rest Cr a B b P c Si d with 2 atomic percent≦a≦30 atomic percent; 0.5 atomic percent≦b≦14 atomic percent; 2 atomic percent≦c≦20 atomic percent; 0 atomic percent≦d≦14 atomic percent; incidental impurities≦0.5 atomic percent; rest Ni, where c>b>c/15 and 10 atomic percent≦b+c+d≦25 atomic percent. Also disclosed is amorphous, ductile Ni-based brazing foil having a composition consisting essentially of Ni rest Cr a B b P c Si d C e X f Y g wherein a, b, c, d, e, f, and g are numbers such that 2 atomic percent≦a≦30 atomic percent; 0.5 atomic percent≦b≦14 atomic percent; 2 atomic percent≦c≦20 atomic percent; 0 atomic percent≦d≦14 atomic percent; 0 atomic percent≦e≦5 atomic percent; 0 atomic percent≦f≦5 atomic percent; 0 atomic percent≦g≦20 atomic percent; wherein incidental impurities are present, if at all, in amounts≦0.5 atomic percent; wherein rest indicates that the balance of the composition is Ni; wherein c>b>c/15; wherein 10 atomic percent≦b+c+d≦25 atomic percent, wherein X is one or more of the elements Mo, Nb, Ta, W and Cu; and wherein Y is one or both of the elements Fe and Co. Also disclosed are methods for making and using these brazing foils, and brazed objects produced therefrom.
1. An amorphous, ductile Ni-based brazing foil having a composition consisting essentially of
Ni rest Cr a B b P c Si d
wherein a, b, c, and d are numbers such that 16 atomic percent<a≦30 atomic percent; 0.5 atomic percent≦b≦4 atomic percent; 2 atomic percent≦c≦20 atomic percent; 0 atomic percent<d<14 atomic percent; wherein incidental impurities are present, if at all, in amounts≦0.5 atomic percent; wherein rest indicates that the balance of the composition is Ni; wherein c>b>c/15; and wherein 10 atomic percent≦b+c+d≦25 atomic percent;
wherein the foil has a liquidus temperature of less than 1100° C., the foil varies in thickness from a mean thickness of the foil in a variation of less than 20% over a length of 100 m, the foil has a width B of 30 mm≦B≦150 mm, and the brazing foil is at least 50% amorphous.
2. The amorphous, ductile brazing foil in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the B content b is such that 1 atomic percent≦b≦4 atomic percent.
3. The amorphous, ductile brazing foil in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the P content c is such that 5 atomic percent≦c≦18 atomic percent.
4. The amorphous, ductile brazing foil in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the brazing foil is at least 80% amorphous.
5. The amorphous, ductile brazing foil in accordance claim 1 , wherein the foil has a thickness D of 15 μm≦D≦75 μm.
6. The amorphous, ductile brazing foil in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the foil varies in thickness from a mean thickness of the foil in a variation of less than 25% over a length of 200 m.
7. The amorphous, ductile brazing foil in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the foil varies in thickness from a mean thickness of the foil in a variation of less than 10% over a length of 5000 m.
8. The amorphous, ductile brazing foil in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the foil varies in thickness from a mean thickness of the foil in a variation of less than 15 μm over a length of 100 m.
9. The amorphous, ductile brazing foil in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the liquidus temperature of the foil is less than 1080° C.
10. The amorphous, ductile brazing foil in accordance with claim 9 , wherein the liquidus temperature of the foil is less than 1050° C.
11. A brazed object having a first part joined to a second part by a solder seam produced by heating the brazing foil of claim 1 .
12. The brazed object in accordance with claim 11 , wherein both the first part and the second part are made of a stainless steel.
13. The brazed object of claim 12 , wherein the brazed object is a heat exchanger.
14. The brazed object in accordance with claim 11 , wherein the solder seam has a thickness that is >15 μm.
15. The brazed object of claim 14 , wherein the brazed object is a heat exchanger.
16. The brazed object in accordance with claim 11 , wherein the brazed object is a heat exchanger.
17. The brazed object of claim 16 , wherein the heat exchanger is an exhaust gas recirculation cooler or an oil cooler.
18. The amorphous ductile brazing foil according to claim 1 , wherein 0.5 atomic percent≦b≦3 atomic percent.
19. The amorphous ductile brazing foil according to claim 18 , wherein 0.5 atomic percent≦b≦2.5 atomic percent.
20. The amorphous ductile brazing foil according to claim 19 , wherein 1.5 atomic percent≦b≦2.5 atomic percent.
21. The amorphous, ductile brazing foil in accordance with claim 1 , wherein 16 atomic percent≦a≦20 atomic percent, and 2 atomic percent≦c≦10 atomic percent.
22. A process for joining by fusion two or more parts comprising:
inserting of a brazing foil in accordance with claim 1 between two or more parts to be joined, wherein the parts to be joined have a higher melting temperature than that of the brazing foil to form a solder joint;
heating the solder joint to a temperature above the liquidus temperature of the brazing foil to form a heated solder joint;
cooling the heated solder joint, thereby forming a brazed joint between the parts to be joined.
23. The process in accordance with claim 22 , wherein the heating of the solder joint to a temperature above the liquidus temperature of the brazing foil is carried out in inert gas.
24. The process in accordance with claim 22 , wherein the heating of the solder joint to a temperature above the liquidus temperature of the brazing foil is carried out in a continuous furnace.