Concrete coloring compositions and methods
View Patent ↗The present invention provides acidic compositions and methods that are adapted to impart color to cementitious or mineral substrate surfaces. Specifically, the present invention relates to acidic compositions and methods adapted to treat cementitious or mineral substrate surfaces that have the advantage of using a less corrosive acid-based solution. The acidic composition incorporates species including a weak base in equilibrium with a conjugate acid. The presence of such species moderates the corrosive behavior of the acid while still allowing excellent coloring action to occur.
1. A method, comprising:
(a) obtaining a composition derived from ingredients including (i) a first acid which has a pKa less than 6; (ii) a weak base, wherein the conjugate acid of the weak base has a pKa less than 7 and greater than the pKa of the first acid; and (iii) one or more metal salts that impart a color to a surface of a cementitious or mineral substrate when the composition is in contact with and reacts with the surface;
(b) wetting the surface with the composition;
(c) permitting the composition to react with the substrate surface and develop color; and
(d) allowing the substrate surface to dry.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a fibercement building product.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first acid has a pKa less than 1.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the one or more metal salts comprise a salt of the transition elements.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the weak base can decompose upon application to the substrate into one or more components that comprise another base.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the weak base can decompose upon application to the substrate into one or more components that have a vapor pressure greater than 0.01 psi at 25° C.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first acid comprises a hydrogen halide.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the weak base comprises urea.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more metal salts comprise at least one of a chloride, sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, or phosphonate salts of titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, aluminum, magnesium, or barium.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises a metal ion complexing agent.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of neutralizing the colored surface.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of: applying an at least partially transparent protective coating over at least a portion of the colored surface.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of: applying a hydrophobic resist to the surface prior to application of the composition.
14. A stained cementitious or mineral substrate prepared according to the method of claim 1 .
15. A stained cementitious or mineral substrate prepared according to the method of claim 2 .
16. A method, comprising the steps of:
a) applying to the surface of a fiber cement substrate composition comprising a reaction mixture of (i) a first acid which has a pKa less than 6; (ii) a weak base, wherein the conjugate acid of the weak base has a pKa less than 7 and greater than the pKa of the first acid; and (iii) one or more metal salts that impart a color when the composition is applied to and reacts with the fiber cement substrate;
b) causing the composition to react with the substrate and develop color; and
c) applying a protective coating to cover the fibercement surface.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the protective coating is derived from ingredients comprising at least one radiation curable component, and wherein step (c) comprises curing the protective coating using radiation.
18. A method, comprising the steps of:
(a) incorporating a salt of a protonated base into an aqueous liquid carrier, said protonated base having a pKa of less than about 7;
(b) incorporating a salt of a transition metal into the aqueous liquid carrier; and
(c) causing the aqueous liquid carrier to contact and react with a cementitious surface so as to color the cementitious surface; and
(d) drying the cementitious surface.
19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising the step of applying a protective polymer coating to cover the colored cementitious surface.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the cementitious surface is a surface of a siding product comprising fiber cement.
21. The method of claim 19 , wherein the protective polymer coating is derived from ingredients comprising at least one radiation curable ingredient, and wherein the protective coating is radiation cured.
22. A system, comprising:
(a) a cementitious surface; and
(b) an aqueous composition in contact with the surface so that the composition can react with the surface and develop color, the composition derived from ingredients comprising (i) aqueous species comprising a weak base in equilibrium with a conjugate acid of the weak base, said conjugate acid of the weak base having a pKa of less than about 7; and (ii) aqueous species comprising a transition metal ion and a corresponding anion, wherein the salt corresponding to the transition metal ion and the anion is a Lewis acid.