Preparation of light-colored isocyanates
View Patent ↗The invention relates to the preparation of isocyanates by phosgenation of amines in the gas phase, with these isocyanates having a comparatively low proportion of color-imparting compounds.
1. In a process for preparing an isocyanate by reacting an amine with phosgene in the presence or absence of an inert medium, the improvement comprising an amine stream fed to the phosgenation on average having a PRI value of less than 60 moles per million moles (mpm), wherein the phosgenation of the amine is performed so that formation of liquid droplets in the reaction zone does not occur, and wherein the phosgenation is carried out in the gas phase.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the amine stream has a PRI value of less than 10 mpm.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the amine is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic amines.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the phosgene stream fed into the reaction zone has an HCl content of from 0.1 to 10% by weight.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the inert medium is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, chlorobenzene and mixtures thereof.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein reaction in a reaction zone is carried out at above 200° C. but not more than 570° C. and absolute pressures of from 0.8 to 3 bar, with pressure in the amine or phosgene feed lines being from 20 to 2000 mbar above pressure in the reaction zone and pressure in the zones downstream of the reaction zone being from 10 to 500 mbar below pressure in the reaction zone.
7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the amine and phosgene are fed into and passed through a reaction zone at a flow velocity of in each case from 3 to 100 m/s and the mean contact time of the reaction mixture of amines and phosgene is from 0.01 seconds to less than 15 seconds.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is operated adiabatically.