Water-Based Flame-Stabilizing Dispersions
The invention is a watery dispersion containing a) a flame-stabilizing substance of general formula (I) where R 1 is hydrogen, C 1-4 -alkyl, —CH 2 Cl, —CH 2 Br, —CH 2 O—C 1-4 -alkyl or phenyl, R 2 is hydrogen, C 1-4 -alkyl, —CH 2 Cl, —CH 2 Br or —CH 2 O—C 1-4 -alkyl, or R 1 and R 2 together with the ring carbon atoms form cyclohexylidene, cyclohexenylidene or 3,4-dibromocyclohexylidene, R 3 and R 5 independent of each other are hydrogen or C 1-4 -alkyl, R 4 is hydrogen or methyl, and X is oxygen or sulfur, and b) a dispersive agent or combination of dispersive agents.
1 ) An aqueous dispersion comprising
a) a flame retardant of the general formula (I)
wherein
R 1 is hydrogen, C 1-4 -alkyl, —CH 2 Cl, —CH 2 Br, —CH 2 O—C 1-4 -alkyl or phenyl,
R 2 is hydrogen, C 1-4 -alkyl, —CH 2 Cl, —CH 2 Br or —CH 2 O—C 1-4 -alkyl, or
R 1 and R 2 combine with the connecting ring carbon atom to form cyclohexylidene, cyclohexenylidene or 3,4-dibromocyclohexylidene,
R 3 and R 5 are independently hydrogen or C 1-4 -alkyl,
R 4 is hydrogen or methyl, and
X is oxygen or sulfur,
b) at least one dispersant selected from the group consisting of the castor oil alkoxyl esters, ricinoleic acid alkoxyl esters, nonionic oligo- or polyesters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids, C 2 -C 8 -alkylenediols. poly(C 1 -C 4 -alkylene) glycols, methylpoly(C 2 -C 4 -alkylene) glycols, and a combination of the nonionic oligo- or polyesters with dialkyl sulfosuccinates
and
c) optionally, a retention agent.
2 ) The dispersion according to claim 1 wherein the R 1 radicals are methyl, ethyl, propyl, chloromethyl, bromomethyl or phenyl.
3 ) The dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein the R 2 radicals are methyl, ethyl, propyl, chloromethyl or bromomethyl.
4 ) The dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein the flame retardant is of the formula (Ia)
5 ) The dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one dispersant is a castor oil alkoxyl ester or ricinoleic acid alkoxyl ester containing 1 to 100 alkoxy radicals, wherein the alkoxy radicals are selected from the group consisting of ethoxy, 1,2-propoxy and 2,3-propoxy.
6 ) The dispersion according to claim 5 , wherein the castor oil alkoxyl ester or ricinoleic acid alkoxyl ester is esterified with an acid radical selected from the group consisting of resin acids, C 2 -C 12 -dicarboxylic acids, C 2 -C 12 -sulfodicarboxylic acids and fatty acids.
7 ) The dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one dispersant from the group of the nonionic oligo- or polyesters is obtained by polycondensation of dicarboxylic acid and glycol components comprising one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acids, esters or anhydrides; C 2 -C 8 -alkylenediols; poly(C 1 -C 4 -alkylene) glycols, methylpoly(C 2 -C 4 -alkylene) glycols; and, optionally, water-soluble addition products of alkylene oxide onto C 1 -C 24 -alcohols, onto C 6 -C 18 -alkylphenols or onto C 8 -C 24 -alkylamines; and optionally, one or more polyols.
8 ) The dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one dispersant is one or more compounds of the formula (2)
where
R 1 and R 7 are a linear or branched C 1 -C 18 -alkyl radical,
R 2 , R 4 , R 6 are independently (C 1 -C 8 )-alkylene,
R 3 and R 5 are arylene or alkarylene,
a, b and d is a number between 1 and 200 subject to the proviso that the sum total of a, b and d is at least 5,
c is a number between 1 and 20.
9 ) The dispersion according to claim 8 wherein
R 1 and R 7 are independently methyl or ethyl,
R 2 , R 4 , R 6 are ethylene, 1,2-propylene, 2,3-propylene or mixtures thereof,
R 3 and R 5 are 1,4-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene,
a, b and d are a number between 1 and 100 subject to the proviso that the sum total of a, b and d is at least 5;
c is a number between 1 and 10.
10 ) The dispersion according to claim 1 , comprising 5% to 50% by weight of the flame retardant according to (a); 0.3% to 20% by weight of at least one dispersant according to (b) and optionally, with 0.01% to 5% by weight of a dialkyl sulfosuccinate, 0% to 15% by weight of retention agent according to (c), with the weight balance water, all based on the total weight of the dispersion.
11 ) The dispersion according to claim 1 , comprising
a) 5% to 50% by weight of the flame retardant of the formula (I),
b1) 1% to 15% by weight of the at least one dispersant selected from the group consisting of the castor oil alkoxyl esters and ricinoleic acid alkoxyl esters, or
b2) 1% to 15% by weight of the at least one dispersant selected from the group of the nonionic oligo- or polyesters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids, C 2 -C 8 -alkylenediols, poly(C 1 -C 4 -alkylene) glycols and methylpoly(C 2 -C 4 -alkylene) glycols, and, optionally, in combination with 0.05% to 3% by weight of a dialkyl sulfosuccinate,
c) 0% to 15% by weight of a retention agent,
d) 5% to 80% by weight of water,
e) 0% to 10% by weight of additives,
all based on the total weight of the dispersion.
12 ) A process for producing a dispersion according to claim 1 , comprising the steps of finely dispersing the flame retardant (a) together with the dispersant (b) and optionally, the components (c), (e) and (f) in water in a dispersing assembly.
13 ) A bulk flame retardant finishing or surface treatment of cellulosic material comprising a dispersion as claimed in claim 1 .
14 ) A finishing agent for regenerated cellulose or cellulose acetate comprising a dispersion as claimed in claim 1 .
15 ) The bulk flame retardant finishing or surface treatment for cellulosic materials as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the cellulosic material is selected from the group consisting of staple fibers, filaments, monofils and non wovens.
16 ) A bulk flame retardant finishing or surface treatment of sausage casings, cellophane, combinations of cellulosic, animal, vegetable, synthetic fibers, or a combination thereof comprising a dispersion as claimed in claim 1 .