Acoustically and thermally acting insulation

1. A multilayered acoustically and thermally effective insulation of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle comprising at least two layers having different flow resistance values and being connected with one another over the full area thereof, comprising:

a first layer in contact therewith having an air flow resistance within a range of from 50 to 150 kNs/m 4 , a layer thickness of from 5 to 50 mm and a basis weight of from 0.04 to 2.5 kg/m 2 ;

a second layer subsequent to the first layer and facing away from the engine having an air flow resistance within a range of from 200 to 600 kNs/m 4 , a layer thickness of from 0.5 to 8 mm and a basis weight of from 0.2 to 5 kg/m 2 ;

an air gap of at least 1 mm between the engine and the first layer, and

wherein the difference of the air flow resistance values of the second layer minus the first layer is at least 150 to 550 kNs/m 4 , the difference of the layer thickness values of the first layer minus the second layer is at least 4.5 to 49.5 mm, and the difference of the basis weights of the second layer minus the first layer is at least 0.16 to 4.96 kg/m 2 .

2. A multilayered acoustically and thermally effective insulation of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle spaced away from said combustion engine comprising at least three layers connected with one another over the full area thereof, comprising:

a first layer having an air flow resistance within a range of from 50 to 150 kNs/m 4 , a layer thickness of from 5 to 50 mm and a basis weight of from 0.04 to 2.5 kg/m 2 ;

a second layer facing the engine block, having a flow resistance within a range of from 200 to 600 kNs/m 4 , a layer thickness of from 0.5 to 8 mm and a basis weight of from 0.2 to 5 kg/m 2 ; and

another second layer occurring along the opposite side of said first layer and facing towards the body panel, having an air flow resistance within a range of from 200 to 600 kNs/m 4 , a layer thickness of from 0.5 to 8 mm and a basis weight of from 0.2 to 5 kg/m 2 ;

wherein the difference of the air flow resistance values of the second layers minus the first layer is at least 50 to 550 kNs/m 4 , the difference of the layer thickness values of the first layer minus the second layers is at least 4.5 to 49.5 mm, and the difference of the basis weights of the second layers minus the first layer is at least 0.16 to 4.96 kg/m 2 .

3. A multilayered acoustically and thermally effective insulation of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle comprising at least two layers having different flow resistance values and being connected with one another over the full area thereof, comprising:

a first layer adjacent to a body panel, having an air flow resistance within a range of from 50 to 150 kNs/m 4 , a layer thickness of from 5 to 50 mm and a basis weight of from 0.04 to 2.5 kg/m 2 ; and

a second layer subsequent to the first layer and facing towards the engine, having an air flow resistance within a range of from 200 to 600 kNs/m 4 , a layer thickness of from 0.5 to 8 mm and a basis weight of from 0.2 to 5 kg/m 2 ;

wherein the difference of the air flow resistance values of the second layer minus the first layer is at least 50 to 550 kNs/m 4 , the difference of the layer thickness values of the first layer minus the second layer is at least 4.5 to 49.5 mm, and the difference of the basis weights of the second layer minus the first layer is at least 0.16 to 4.96 kg/m 2 .

4. The insulation according to any of claims 1 , 2 or 3 , characterized in that the layer thickness of a second layer is within a range of from 1.5 to 4.5 mm, and the layer thickness of a first layer is within a range of from 10 to 30 mm.

5. The insulation according to any of claims 1 , 2 or 3 , characterized in that the basis weight of a second layer is within a range of from 0.5 to 3 kg/m 2 , and the basis weight of a first layer is within a range of from 0.1 to 1.5 kg/m 2 , wherein the difference of basis weight of the second layers minus the first layer is at least 0.4 to 2.9 kg/m 2 .

6. The insulation according to any of claims 1 , 2 or 3 , wherein said insulation is self-supporting.

7. The insulation according to any of claims 1 , 2 or 3 , wherein said insulation is attached to the body of a car.

8. The insulation according to any of claims 1 , 2 or 3 , wherein said internal combustion engine of said motor vehicle is completely encapsulated.

9. The insulation according to any of claims 1 , 2 or 3 , comprising a metal foil.

10. The insulation according to claim 9 , wherein said metal foil is perforated.

11. The insulation according to claim 9 , wherein said metal foil is microperforated.

12. The insulation according to claim 9 , wherein said metal foil is aluminum.