Bonded and tufted nonwovens II, methods for their manufacture and uses
A tufted nonwoven with improved stitch holding, a bonded nonwoven and methods for their manufacture are described. The tufted nonwoven with improved stitch holding comprises a face material which tufts a bonded nonwoven comprising a mixture of a plurality of bicomponent filaments 1 with a plurality of bicomponent filaments 2 wherein iα) at least bicomponent filaments 1 exhibit a core/sheath geometry wherein component 11 represents the core and component 12 represents the sheath or iβ) at least bicomponent filaments 1 exhibit a side by side geometry wherein component 11 represents side 1 and component 12 represents side 2 or iγ) at least bicomponent filaments 1 exhibit an islands in the sea geometry wherein component 11 represents the islands and component 12 represents the sea ii) the component 11 exhibits a melting temperature T m (11) and the component 22 exhibits a melting temperature T m (22), iii) the component 12 exhibits a melting temperature T m (12), the component 21 exhibits a melting temperature T m (21) and T m (12) is higher than T m (21) and iv) the melting temperatures of both component 11 and 22 and the melting temperatures of components 12 and 21 obey to the relation both T m (11) and T m (22)>T m (12)>T m (21) an wherein the face material is bonded to bicomponent filaments 1 and 2 by a solidified melt of components 12 and 21.
1. A method comprising the following steps:
a) mixing a plurality of bicomponent filaments 1 which comprise a component 11 and a component 12 with a plurality of bicomponent filaments 2 which comprise a component 21 and a component 22 wherein
iα) at least bicomponent filaments 1 exhibit a core/sheath geometry wherein component 11 represents the core and component 12 represents the sheath or
iβ) at least bicomponent filaments 1 exhibit a side by side geometry wherein component 11 represents side 1 and component 12 represents side 2 or
iγ) at least bicomponent filaments 1 exhibit an islands in the sea geometry wherein component 11 represents the islands and component 12 represents the sea,
ii) the component 11 exhibits a melting temperature Tm(11) and the component 22 exhibits a melting temperature Tm(22),
iii) the component 12 exhibits a melting temperature Tm(12), the component 21 exhibits a melting temperature Tm(21) and Tm(12) is higher than Tm(21), and
iv) the melting temperatures of both component 11 and component 22 and the melting temperatures of components 12 and 21 obey to the relation Tm(11) and Tm(22)>Tm(12)>Tm(21),
and producing a basic fibrous layer consisting of the bicomponent filaments 1 and the bicomponent filaments 2, in which bicomponent filaments 1 contact bicomponent filaments 2 at zones of overlap,
b) heating the basic fibrous layer at a temperature for nonwoven production Tnp, which obeys to the relation Tm(12)>Tnp>Tm(21), until component 21 melts at the zones of overlap and then cooling below Tm(21) resulting in a bonded nonwoven,
c) tufting the bonded nonwoven with a face material resulting in a tufted nonwoven, exhibiting contacts between the face material and bicomponent filaments 1 and 2, and
d) heating the tufted nonwoven at a temperature Ttn, which obeys to the relation Tm(12)<Ttn<Tm(11) and Tm(22), until component 12 and component 21 melt resulting in a tufted nonwoven in which molten component 21 and molten component 12 contact the face material, and then cooling the nonwoven below Tm(21) to obtain a tufted nonwoven.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein bicomponent filaments 1 exhibit a core/sheath geometry wherein component 11 represents the core and component 12 represents the sheath, wherein bicomponent filaments 2 exhibit a core/sheath geometry wherein component 22 represents the core and component 21 represents the sheath and wherein the cores of bicomponent filaments 1 and of bicomponent filaments 2 comprise a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethyleneterephthlate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA), polybutyleneterephthalate (PBT), polytrimethyleneterephthalate (PTT), polyphenylenesulfide (PPS), polyethylenenaphthalate (PEN), polyethyleneimide (PEI), polylactic acid (PLA) and polyoxymethylene (POM).
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the sheath of bicomponent filament 1 comprises a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyamide (PA), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) or copolymers thereof, polybutyleneterephthalate (PBT), polylactic acid (PLA) and aliphatic polyesters.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein the sheath of bicomponent filaments 2 comprises a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) or copolymers thereof, polylactic acid (PLA) and polyvinylchloride (PVC).
5. The method according to claim 1 wherein in step a)iii) Tm(12) represents the melting temperature of the sheath of bicomponent filaments 1 Tm(sheath 1), Tm(21) represents the melting temperature of the sheath of bicomponent filaments 2 Tm(sheath 2) and Tm(sheath 1) is at least 5° C. higher than Tm(sheath 2).
6. The method according to claim 1 wherein in step a)iv) Tm(11) represents the melting temperature of the core of bicomponent filaments 1 Tm(core 1), Tm(22) represents the melting temperature of the core of bicomponent filaments 2 Tm(core 2) and both Tm(core 1) and Tm(core 2) are at least 20° C. higher than Tm(sheath 1).
7. The method according to claim 1 wherein bicomponent filaments 1 comprise a core of polyethyleneterephthalate with Tm(core 1)=250° C. and a sheath of polyamide 6 with Tm(sheath 1)=220° C.
8. The method according to claim 7 wherein bicomponent filaments 1 comprise a core of polyethyleneterephthalate with Tm(core 1)=250° C. and a sheath of polyamide 6 with Tm(sheath 1)=220° C. and bicomponent filaments 2 comprise a core of polyethyleneterephthalate with Tm(core 2)=250° C. and a sheath of polypropylene with Tm(sheath 2)=160° C. or 165° C.
9. The method according to claim 1 wherein in step c) a face material is used which is selected from the group consisting of polyamide (PA), polypropylene (PP), polylactic acid (PLA), wool and cotton.
10. The method according to claim 1 wherein the mixing in step a) is performed by assembling or by mixing at a creel or by spinning from 3-component spin packs.
11. A tufted nonwoven comprising a face material which tufts a bonded nonwoven consisting of a mixture of a plurality of bicomponent filaments 1 with a plurality of bicomponent filaments 2 wherein
iα) at least bicomponent filaments 1 exhibit a core/sheath geometry wherein component 11 represents the core and component 12 represents the sheath or
iβ) at least bicomponent filaments 1 exhibit a side by side geometry wherein component 11 represents side 1 and component 12 represents side 2 or
iγ) at least bicomponent filaments 1 exhibit an islands in the sea geometry wherein component 11 represents the islands and component 12 represents the sea,
ii) the component 11 exhibits a melting temperature Tm(11) and the component 22 exhibits a melting temperature Tm(22),
iii) the component 12 exhibits a melting temperature Tm(12), the component 21 exhibits a melting temperature Tm(21) and Tm(12) is higher than Tm(21), and
iv) the melting temperatures of both component 11 and component 22 and the melting temperatures of components 12 and 21 obey to the relation Tm(11) and Tm(22)>Tm(12)>Tm(21),
and wherein the face material is bonded to bicomponent filaments 1 and 2 by a solidified melt of components 12 and 21.
12. The tufted nonwoven according to claim 11 wherein bicomponent filaments 1 exhibits a core/sheath geometry wherein component 11 represents the core and component 12 represents the sheath, wherein bicomponent filaments 2 exhibits a core/sheath geometry wherein component 22 represents the core and component 21 represents the sheath and wherein the cores of bicomponent filaments 1 and of bicomponent filaments 2 comprise a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA), polybutyleneterephthalate (PBT), polytrimethyleneterephthalate (PTT), polyphenylenesulfide (PPS), polyethylenenaphthalate (PEN), polyethyleneimide (PEI), polylactic acid (PLA) and polyoxymethylene (POM).
13. The tufted nonwoven according to claim 11 wherein the sheath of bicomponent filaments 1 comprises a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyamide (PA), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) or copolymers thereof, polybutyleneterephthalate (PBT), polylactic acid (PLA) and aliphatic polyesters.
14. The tufted nonwoven according to claim 11 wherein the sheath of bicomponent filaments 2 comprises a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) or copolymers thereof, polylactic acid (PLA) and polyvinylchloride (PVC).
15. The tufted nonwoven according to claim 11 wherein in iii) Tm(12) represents the melting temperature of the sheath of bicomponent filaments 1 Tm(sheath 1), Tm(21) represents the melting temperature of the sheath of bicomponent filaments 2 Tm(sheath 2) and Tm(sheath 1) is at least 5° C. higher than Tm(sheath 2).
16. The tufted nonwoven according to claim 11 wherein in iv) Tm(11) represents the melting temperature of the core of bicomponent filaments 1 Tm(core 1), Tm(22) represents the melting temperature of the core of bicomponent filaments 2 Tm(core 2) and both Tm(core 1) and Tm(core 2) are at least 20° C. higher than Tm(sheath 1).
17. The tufted nonwoven according to claim 11 wherein bicomponent filaments 1 comprise a core of polyethyleneterephthalate with Tm(core 1)=250° C. and a sheath of polyamide 6 with Tm(sheath 1)=220° C.
18. The tufted nonwoven according to claim 17 wherein bicomponent filaments 1 comprise a core of polyethyleneterephthalate with Tm(core 1)=250° C. and a sheath of polyamide 6 with Tm(sheath 1)=220° C. and bicomponent filaments 2 comprise a core of polyethyleneterephthalate with Tm(core 2)=250° C. and a sheath of polypropylene with Tm(sheath 2)=160° C. or 165° C.
19. The tufted nonwoven according to claim 11 wherein the face material is selected from the group consisting of polyamide (PA), polypropylene (PP), polylactic acid (PLA), wool and cotton.
20. Carpet molding comprising the tufted nonwoven according to claim 11 .
21. The tufted nonwoven according to claim 11 , in a form selected from the group consisting of home textiles, cushion vinyl, decoration, textiles for automobiles, trains or aircraft, synthetic turf and playgrounds.
22. A tufted nonwoven made by the method of claim 1 , in a form selected from the group consisting of home textiles, cushion vinyl, decoration, textiles for automobiles, trains or aircraft, synthetic turf and playgrounds.
23. The tufted nonwoven according to claim 11 wherein a ratio of bicomponent filaments 1 to bicomponent filaments 2 is from 5:95 to 95:5 wt. %.