Compensation of harmonics of electrical network

1. A system for compensating harmonic components or a reactive power of an electrical network, the system comprising:

a measurement unit configured to measure an electrical quantity to be compensated;

a control unit configured to determine harmonics contents or a reactive power need of the measured electrical quantity to be compensated as well as to determine, as relative values, desired values corresponding with the harmonics to be compensated or the reactive power to be compensated, wherein the desired value of each harmonic amplitude to be compensated is between 0 and 100 percent;

a plurality of compensation units configured, responsive to the desired values provided by the control unit, to generate harmonic components or reactive power according to the desired values given as relative values, and each compensation unit is configured to proportion a relative-value compensation instruction to a free compensation capacity; and

a communications connection configured to communicate the desired values determined by the control unit to the plurality of compensation units.

2. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured to determine a phase angle of the desired value of the harmonic component or reactive power in relation to a phase angle of a fundamental wave of a network current, and that a compensation unit of the plurality of compensation units is configured to determine the phase angle of the fundamental wave of the network current, and to proportion the phase angle of the desired value to the phase angle of the fundamental wave determined by it.

3. A system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the control unit is configured to determine a synchronous coordinate system corresponding with the harmonic to be compensated and to synchronize the formed synchronous coordinate system with the fundamental wave of the network current to be compensated, and to determine the desired values as relative values in said synchronous coordinate system.

4. A system as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the control unit is configured to transform the harmonic component to be compensated, which has been measured by the measurement unit, into a relative value by using a gain coefficient (K r1 ) whose magnitude depends on a combined compensation capacity of the compensation units.

5. A system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the control unit is configured to transform the harmonic component to be compensated, which has been measured by the measurement unit, into a relative value by using a gain coefficient (K r1 ) whose magnitude depends on a combined compensation capacity of the compensation units.

6. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured to transform the harmonic component to be compensated, which has been measured by the measurement unit, into a relative value by using a gain coefficient (Kr r1 ) whose magnitude depends on a combined compensation capacity of the compensation units.

7. A system as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the control unit is configured to receive the magnitude of the gain coefficient (K r1 ) from a user, or the control unit is configured to receive information about the compensation capacity from the compensation units, or the control unit is configured to determine the compensation capacity on the basis of electrical measurements.

8. A method of compensating harmonic components or a reactive power of an electrical network, the method comprising

measuring an electrical quantity to be compensated;

determining harmonics contents or a reactive power need of the measured electrical quantity to be compensated as well as determining, as relative values, desired values corresponding with the harmonics to be compensated or the reactive power to be compensated, wherein the desired value of each harmonic amplitude to be compensated is between 0 and 100 percent;

communicating the desired values to a plurality of compensation units by using a communications connection;

generating to the desired values given as responsive relative values harmonic components or reactive power according to the desired values by the plurality of compensation units; and

proportioning, by each compensation unit, a relative-value compensation instruction to a free compensation capacity.

9. A method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the determining of the desired value comprises determining a phase angle of the desired value of the harmonic component or reactive power in relation to a phase angle of a fundamental wave of a network current, and determining, in each compensation unit, the phase angle of the fundamental wave of the network current, and

proportioning the phase angle of the desired value to the phase angle of the fundamental wave.

10. A plurality of compensation units for compensating harmonic components of an electrical network, wherein each compensation unit is configured to receive, via a communications connection and as relative values, desired values corresponding with the harmonics to be compensated, wherein the desired value of each harmonic amplitude to be compensated is between 0 and 100 percent, and each compensation unit is configured to transform the relative-value desired value into an absolute desired value, is configured to generate a compensation current determined by the absolute desired value, and is configured to transform the relative-value desired value into the absolute desired value by proportioning the relative value to a capacity available for compensation of each compensation unit.

11. A device for controlling compensation of harmonic components or a reactive power of an electrical network, the device comprising:

a measurement unit configured to measure an electrical quantity of the electrical network to be compensated;

a control unit configured to determine harmonics contents or a reactive power need of the measured electrical quantity to be compensated as well as to determine, as relative values, desired values corresponding with the harmonics to be compensated or the reactive power to be compensated, wherein the desired value of each harmonic amplitude to be compensated is between 0 and 100 percent; and

means for sending the desired values as relative values to a plurality of units carrying out compensation, and each unit carrying out compensation unit is configured to proportion a relative-value compensation instruction to a free compensation capacity.