Systems and methods for generating electromagnetic radiation

1. A system for generating electromagnetic waves comprising:

a dielectric column comprising a spherical portion and at least one cylindrical portion, wherein the spherical portion receives a first wave from a first source and a second wave from a second source and generates a resulting electromagnetic wave along the interior of the cylindrical portion having a difference frequency caused by whispering gallery modes of the spherical portion, and the at least one cylindrical portion having at least one output for outputting the resulting electromagnetic wave, wherein the spherical portion is constructed of a nonlinear material.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first source and the second source employ a fiber evanescently coupled between respective source and the dielectric column by traversing a slot in a waveguide that substantially surrounds the dielectric column.

3. The system of claim of 1 , wherein the at least one output is a grating.

4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the grating is one of etched, scribed and deposited on the at least one cylindrical portion.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the spherical portion of the dielectric column has a greater diameter than the at least one cylindrical portion.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the whispering gallery modes provide automatic phase matching of the first wave and the second wave.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the resulting electromagnetic wave is a terahertz wave.

8. A system for generating electromagnetic waves comprising:

a dielectric column comprising a spherical portion and at least one cylindrical portion, wherein the spherical portion receives a first wave from a first source and a second wave from a second source and generates a resulting electromagnetic wave along the interior of the cylindrical portion having a difference frequency caused by whispering gallery modes of the spherical portion, and the at least one cylindrical portion having at least one output for outputting the resulting electromagnetic wave, wherein the at least one cylindrical portion has an end cap located a distance from the spherical portion such that a reflected resulting electromagnetic wave from the end cap is reflected to reinforce the resulting electromagnetic wave.

9. A system for generating electromagnetic waves comprising:

a dielectric column comprising a spherical portion and at least one cylindrical portion, wherein the spherical portion receives a first wave from a first source and a second wave from a second source and generates a resulting electromagnetic wave along the interior of the cylindrical portion having a difference frequency caused by whispering gallery modes of the spherical portion, and the at least one cylindrical portion having at least one output for outputting the resulting electromagnetic wave; and

a waveguide substantially surrounding the dielectric column and receiving and transmitting the resulting electromagnetic wave, the waveguide having a conductive reflecting plate on one end to direct the electromagnetic radiation out of an opposite end of the waveguide in a single direction.

10. A system for generating electromagnetic waves comprising:

a dielectric column comprising a spherical portion and at least one cylindrical portion, wherein the spherical portion receives a first wave from a first source and a second wave from a second source and generates a resulting electromagnetic wave along the interior of the cylindrical portion having a difference frequency caused by whispering gallery modes of the spherical portion, and the at least one cylindrical portion having at least one output for outputting the resulting electromagnetic wave, wherein the insertion angle of the first wave and second wave is adjustable.