Microchip
A microchip is provided, in which dead space provided only for holding excess fluid is made smaller. The microchip is formed by joining at least a first substrate with a trench formed on the substrate surface and a second substrate, and it has a fluid circuit formed by the trench and a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate. The first substrate and/or the second substrate has a projection for moving fluid and/or air in a direction opposite to the direction of gravity during an operation of the microchip, and the projection is provided near an end portion of a through hole and/or an air vent.
1. A microchip comprising a first substrate joined to a second substrate, the first substrate including a trench in its surface, wherein the trench and a surface of said second substrate facing said first substrate form first and second fluid circuits, the microchip further comprising:
a through hole or air vent in one of the substrates so as to connect the fluid circuits to outside the microchip, wherein the first fluid circuit is located to a first side of the through hole or air vent and wherein the second fluid circuit is located to a second side of the through hole or air vent,
a first projection located at a position between the first fluid circuit and the through hole or air vent, and a second projection located at a position between the second fluid circuit and the through hole or air vent,
wherein a separation distance between the first projection and a surface of one of the substrates is smaller than a separation distance between the second projection and the surface of the one of the substrates.
2. The microchip of claim 1 wherein at least one of the projections has an inclined sidewall near said through hole or air vent.
3. The microchip according to claim 2 , wherein-the inclined sidewall of said projection is inclined with respect to said first substrate.
4. The microchip of claim 1 wherein the through hole or air vent connecting said fluid circuit to the outside of said microchip is in the first substrate; and
the projections arc on a surface of said first substrate.
5. The microchip according to claim 4 , wherein surfaces forming each of the projections are inclined with respect to said second substrate.
6. A microchip comprising a first substrate joined to a second substrate, and a third substrate joined to the first substrate, wherein said first substrate has trenches formed on opposite surfaces;
the microchip further comprising:
a first fluid circuit formed by a first one of the trenches and a surface of said second substrate facing said first substrate, and
a plurality of second fluid circuits formed by a second one of the trenches and a surface of said third substrate facing said first substrate;
wherein said first substrate has a through hole connecting said first fluid circuit and said second fluid circuits;
first and second projections on the first substrate extending respectively toward the third substrate,
wherein the first projection is located at a position between a first one of the second fluid circuits and the through hole, and the second projection is located at a position between a second one of the second fluid circuits and the through hole, and
wherein a separation distance between the first projection and a surface of the third substrate is smaller than a separation distance between the second projection and the surface of the third substrate.
7. The microchip according to claim 6 , further comprising
a first wall surface connecting the surface of said second substrate forming said first fluid circuit and an inner wall forming said through hole, and shutting off said first fluid circuit; wherein
said first wall surface and the inner wall forming said through hole are inclined to said third substrate.
8. The microchip according to claim 6 , wherein a respective surface of each of the projections facing the through hole is inclined with respect to said third substrate.
9. The microchip of claim 6 wherein a cross-section of the through hole in a direction parallel to a top surface of said microchip is smaller than a cross-section of the first fluid circuit in a direction parallel to the top surface of said microchip.