Use of Sub-Micron Copper Salt Particles in Wood Preservation
A method for preserving wood by injecting into the wood a slurry having: particles of a sparingly soluble copper salt, copper hydroxide, or both, wherein the weight average diameter d 50 of the particles in the slurry is between 0.1 microns and 0.7 microns and the d 98 of the particles in the slurry is less than about 1 micron; a dispersant; and water. The dispersant is anionic or a mix of anionic and non-ionic. Advantageously, less than 20% by weight of the particles have a diameter less than 20 nanometers. Useful copper salts include basic copper carbonate, tri-basic copper sulfate, copper oxychloride, basic copper nitrate, basic copper borate, copper borate, basic copper phosphate, or copper silicate. The slurry most preferably includes copper hydroxide particles. The slurry further advantageously includes at least one organic biocide, wherein at least a portion of the organic biocide is coated on the particles.
1 . A method for preserving wood comprising the steps of:
A) providing a slurry comprising
i. particles comprising a sparingly soluble copper salt particles, copper hydroxide particles, or both, wherein the weight average diameter d 50 of the particles in the slurry is between 0.1 microns and 0.7 microns and the d 98 of the particles in the slurry is less than about 1 micron,
ii. an effective amount of a dispersant, and
iii. a liquid carrier; and
B) injecting the slurry into wood.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the dispersant comprises an anionic dispersant.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the dispersant comprises a anionic dispersant and a non-ionic dispersant.
4 . (canceled)
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the slurry further comprises soluble complexes of copper with an amine.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the sparingly soluble copper salt particles comprises basic copper carbonate, tri-basic copper sulfate, copper oxychloride, basic copper nitrate, basic copper borate, basic copper phosphate, or combinations thereof.
7 - 12 . (canceled)
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the slurry further comprises at least one organic biocide, wherein at least a portion of the organic biocide is coated on the particles.
14 . (canceled)
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the d 50 of the copper-containing particles in the slurry is between about 0.15 microns and about 0.25 microns.
16 - 30 . (canceled)
31 . A method for preserving wood comprising the steps of:
providing a slurry comprising:
copper hydroxide particles, wherein the weight average diameter (d 50 ) of the particles is between about 0.15 microns and about 0.17 microns,
an effective amount of a dispersant, and
a liquid carrier; and
injecting the slurry into wood.
32 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the copper hydroxide comprises an effective amount of magnesium substituted for copper, such that the copper hydroxide is resistant to conversion to copper oxide.
33 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the copper hydroxide comprises an effective amount of zinc substituted for copper, such that the copper hydroxide is resistant to conversion to copper oxide.
34 . The method of claim 31 , wherein at least a portion of the particles comprise copper/magnesium/zinc hydroxide wherein there are between 6 parts and 20 parts total of magnesium and zinc per 100 parts copper.
35 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the slurry further comprises at least one organic biocide, wherein at least a portion of the organic biocide is coated on the particles.
36 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the particles comprise less than 40 ppm lead based on the weight of the particles.
37 . (canceled)
38 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the wet milling is performed in the presence of a dispersing agent.
39 . The method of claim 31 , further comprising the step of partially dissolving the particles by contacting the particles with a sufficient amount of an amine and anionic surface agents such that at least 5% by weight of the copper material is dissolved.
40 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the providing comprises admixing a dry mix comprising the particles and a dispersing agent with water.
41 . The method of claim 40 , wherein the dry mix further comprises a granulating agent that is dispersible in water.