Palladium-gold catalyst synthesis
A supported palladium-gold catalyst is produced under mild conditions using a commonly available base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ). In this method, support materials and a base solution are mixed together and the temperature of the mixture is increased to a temperature above room temperature. Then, palladium salt and gold salt are added to the mixture while maintaining the pH of the mixture to be greater than 7.0 and keeping the mixture at a temperature above room temperature. This is followed by filtering out the supported palladium-gold particles, washing with warm de-ionized water and calcining.
1. A method for producing a supported catalyst containing palladium-gold metal particles, comprising the steps of:
preparing a mixture of support materials and a solution that is basic and having a pH that is greater than 7.0;
heating the mixture to a temperature above room temperature;
adding a palladium salt solution and a gold salt solution, which have been separately prepared, to the mixture while maintaining the pH of the mixture to be greater than 7.0; and
stirring the mixture for a period of time while maintaining the temperature of the mixture at above room temperature.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the pH of the mixture is maintained at 7.5 or more during the step of adding.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the step of stirring is carried out for at least 3 hours.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the temperature of the mixture is maintained at a temperature of at least 343 K during the step of stirring.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the basic solution comprises sodium hydroxide.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the basic solution comprises sodium carbonate.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the pH of the mixture is maintained by adding more of the basic solution to the mixture.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the palladium and gold salt solutions are added dropwise to the mixture simultaneously.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the weight content of palladium to gold in the salt solutions added to the mixture is about 0.5:2.0 to 3.4:2.0.
10. A method for producing a supported catalyst containing palladium-gold metal particles, comprising the steps of:
adding support materials to water to produce a first mixture;
adding a basic solution having a pH greater than 7.0 to the first mixture to produce a second mixture;
heating the second mixture to a temperature above room temperature; and
adding a palladium salt solution and a gold salt solution, which have been separately prepared, to the second mixture to produce a third mixture while maintaining the third mixture at a pH that is above 7.0.
11. The method according to claim 10 wherein the palladium and gold salt solutions are added dropwise to the second mixture simultaneously.
12. The method according to claim 10 , further comprising the step of stirring the third mixture for a period of time while maintaining the third mixture at a temperature of at least 343 K.
13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the step of stirring the third mixture is carried out for at least 3 hours.
14. The method according to claim 12 , further comprising the steps of:
filtering the third mixture to separate out supported catalyst materials;
washing the supported catalyst materials and then drying them; and
calcining the dried supported catalyst materials.
15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the slurry is washed with de-ionized water at 323 K to 343 K.
16. An emission control catalyst for treating an engine exhaust comprising a supported catalyst containing metal particles consisting essentially of palladium and gold, wherein said supported catalyst is formed by:
preparing a mixture of support materials and a basic solution having a pH greater than 7.0;
heating the mixture to a temperature above room temperature;
adding a palladium salt solution and a gold salt solution, which have been separately prepared, to the mixture while maintaining the pH of the mixture to be greater than 7.0; and
stirring the mixture for a period of time while maintaining the temperature at above room temperature.
17. The emission control catalyst according to claim 16 , further comprising a platinum-based catalyst.
18. The emission control catalyst according to claim 17 , wherein the platinum-based catalyst is a platinum-palladium catalyst.
19. The emission control catalyst according to claim 18 , further comprising zeolite.
20. The emission control catalyst according to claim 18 , further comprising rare earth oxide.
21. The emission control catalyst according to claim 16 , further comprising a substrate and the palladium-gold catalyst and the platinum-based catalyst are coated onto the substrate as different layers on the substrate.
22. The emission control catalyst according to claim 16 , further comprising a substrate with a first zone and a second zone and the palladium-gold catalyst and the platinum-based catalyst are coated onto different zones of the substrate.